Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer present on Earth in the form of agriculture waste. Hydrolysis of agriculture waste for simple fermentable reducing sugars is the bottleneck in the area of biofuel generation and other value-added products. The present study aims to utilize the camel rumen as a bioreactor for potent cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria by altering the feed types with varying cellulosic concentrations. A total of 6716 bacterial cultures were subjected to three layers of screening, where plate zymography and chromophoric substrate screening served as primary screening method for cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic potential. The potential isolates were genetically grouped using RAPD, and 51 representative isolates from each group were subjected to molecular identification through 16S rDNA sequencing, followed by quantification of various cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. Out of 51 potent isolates, 5 isolates had high endoglucanase activity ranging from 0.3 to 0.48 U/ml. The selected five key isolates identified as Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus, Citrobacter, Bacillus subtilis, and Enterobacter were employed for hydrolyzing the various agriculture residues and resulted in approximately 0.4 mg/ml of reducing sugar. Furthermore, the metaculturomics approach was implemented to deduce the total cultured diversity through 16S rRNA amplicon library sequencing. The metaculturomics data revealed the dominance of proteobacteria and unidentified bacterial population in all four feed types, which indicates the possibility of culturing novel cellulose-deconstructing bacteria. Moreover, the presence of diverse hydrolytic enzymes in cultured isolates supports the usage of these bacteria in bio-processing of agriculture waste residues and obtaining the biofuels and other value-added products.

中文翻译：

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通过元培养组学方法揭示骆驼瘤胃微生物组的农业废物水解潜力

纤维素是地球上以农业废弃物形式存在的最丰富的天然聚合物。将农业废弃物水解为简单的可发酵还原糖是生物燃料生产和其他增值产品领域的瓶颈。本研究旨在通过改变具有不同纤维素浓度的饲料类型，利用骆驼瘤胃作为有效的纤维素分解和半纤维素分解细菌的生物反应器。总共 6716 种细菌培养物进行了三层筛选，其中平板酶谱和发色底物筛选作为纤维素分解和半纤维素分解潜力的主要筛选方法。使用RAPD对潜在分离株进行遗传分组，每组51个代表性分离株通过16S rDNA测序进行分子鉴定，其次是量化各种纤维素分解酶和半纤维素分解酶。在 51 个有效分离株中，5 个分离株具有高内切葡聚糖酶活性，范围为 0.3 至 0.48 U/ml。经鉴定为假单胞菌属、类芽孢杆菌属、柠檬酸杆菌属、枯草芽孢杆菌属和肠杆菌属的选定的 5 个关键分离株用于水解各种农业残留物，产生约 0.4 mg/ml 的还原糖。此外，采用元培养组学方法通过 16S rRNA 扩增子文库测序推断总培养多样性。元培养组学数据揭示了所有四种饲料类型中变形菌和未鉴定细菌种群的优势，这表明培养新型纤维素解构细菌的可能性。而且，