Purpose Communicating remotely using audio and audiovisual technology is ubiquitous in modern work and social environments. Remote communication is increasing in medicine and in voice therapy delivery, and this evolution may have an impact on speakers' voices. This study sought to determine whether these communication modalities impact the voice production of typical speakers. Method The speech acoustics of 12 participants with healthy voices were recorded as they held standardized conversations with a single investigator using three communication modalities: in-person, remote-audio, and remote-audiovisual. Participants rated their vocal effort on a 100-mm visual analog scale. Results Compared to in-person communication, self-ratings of vocal effort were statistically significantly increased for remote-audiovisual communication; vocal effort during remote-audio and in-person communication were not significantly different. In comparison to in-person communication, vocal intensity and smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) were statistically significantly higher during remote-audio and remote-audiovisual communication. Effect sizes for CPPS changes were larger than for sound pressure level (SPL), and changes in CPPS and SPL between in-person and remote-audiovisual communication were not significantly correlated. Conclusions Vocal effort and SPL were increased when using remote-audio and remote-audiovisual communication in comparison to in-person communication. Voice quality was also impacted by technology use, with changes in CPPS that were consistent with, but not fully explained by, increases in SPL. This may impact the telepractice delivery of voice therapy, and further investigation is warranted.

中文翻译：

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通信方式对语音产生的影响

目的使用音频和视听技术进行远程通信在现代工作和社交环境中无处不在。远程通信在医学和语音治疗领域不​​断增加，这种演变可能会对说话者的声音产生影响。本研究旨在确定这些通信方式是否会影响典型说话者的发声。 方法记录了 12 名声音健康的参与者与一名研究者进行标准化对话时的语音声学，他们使用三种通信方式：面对面、远程音频和远程视听。参与者根据 100 毫米视觉模拟量表对他们的发声努力进行评分。 结果与面对面交流相比，远程视听交流对发声努力的自我评价在统计上显着增加；远程音频和面对面交流期间的发声努力没有显着差异。与面对面的交流相比，远程音频和远程视听交流期间的声音强度和平滑倒谱峰值突出度（CPPS）在统计上显着更高。CPPS 变化的影响大小大于声压级 (SPL)，并且面对面和远程视听通信之间 CPPS 和 SPL 的变化没有显着相关。 结论与面对面交流相比，使用远程音频和远程视听交流时发声力度和声压级有所提高。语音质量也受到技术使用的影响，CPPS 的变化与 SPL 的增加一致，但不能完全解释为 SPL 的增加。这可能会影响语音治疗的远程治疗，需要进一步调查。