This study used the Disablement Process framework to examine how exposure to the great east Japan earthquake and tsunami on 11 March 2011 was related to elders’ experiences of disability—that is, ‘a gap between personal capability and environmental demand’ (Verbrugge and Jette, 1994, p. 1). Data were derived from two waves (2009 and 2013) of the Nihon University Japanese Longitudinal Study of Aging, involving a representative sample of citizens aged 65 or more. Logistic regression was employed to model how the disaster was associated with the prevalence and incidence of disability. A significant relationship was documented between the two. Those impacted by the event exhibited greater odds of reporting a disability in 2013 and developing one between 2009 and 2013. Disasters destroy social infrastructure and disrupt daily life, widening the lacuna between the environment and personal resources. Given the increasing number of disasters, more policy attention should be directed to reducing their adverse consequences for health.

中文翻译：

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灾害和伤残过程框架：分析 2011 年日本东部大地震和海啸

本研究使用残疾过程框架来检验 2011 年 3 月 11 日日本东部大地震和海啸的暴露与老年人的残疾经历之间的关系 - 即“个人能力与环境需求之间的差距”（Verbrugge 和 Jette， 1994 年，第 1 页）。数据来自日本大学日本老龄化纵向研究的两波（2009 年和 2013 年），涉及 65 岁或以上公民的代表性样本。使用逻辑回归来模拟灾难与残疾的流行和发生率之间的关系。记录了两者之间的重要关系。受该事件影响的人在 2013 年报告残疾并在 2009 年至 2013 年期间发展残疾的可能性更大。 灾害破坏社会基础设施并扰乱日常生活，扩大环境和个人资源之间的差距。鉴于灾害数量不断增加，应将更多的政策注意力集中在减少灾害对健康的不利影响上。