OBJECTIVE When wrongfully convicted individuals are released from prison, at first glance, it is a triumph; however, anecdotal evidence from exonerees suggests that obtaining housing postrelease is often challenging. We empirically examined whether race (Study 1) or type of criminal offense (Study 2) influenced landlords' willingness to rent to exonerees compared to releasees (i.e., rightfully convicted individuals released from prison) and control (i.e., members of the public). HYPOTHESES We hypothesized that: (a) exonerees and releasees would receive fewer replies and fewer "yes" available responses compared to control, (b) Indigenous and Black renters would receive fewer replies and fewer "yes" available responses compared to White renters, and (c) individuals convicted of murder would receive fewer replies and fewer "yes" available responses compared to individuals convicted of robbery. METHOD The authors responded to online apartment listings across Canada (Study 1) and in Toronto (Study 2) inquiring about unit availability. All rental inquiries were identical with the exception of criminal status and race (Study 1), and criminal status and criminal offense (Study 2). RESULTS Results demonstrated that landlords were significantly less likely to respond (Study 1: OR = 4.32, 95% CI [3.28, 5.69]; Study 2: OR = 7.88, 95% CI [4.97, 12.48]), and indicate availability (Study 1: OR = 6.62, 95% CI [3.54, 12.38]; Study 2: OR = 21.53, 95% CI [7.07, 65.58]), to rental inquiries from exonerees and releasees compared to members of the public. For race, landlords were significantly less likely to respond to inquiries from Indigenous and Black renters compared to White renters (OR = 1.45, 95% CI [1.12, 1.86]), and those convicted of robbery compared to murder (OR = 1.69, 95% CI [.36, .97]). CONCLUSION The barriers that exonerees face when attempting to secure housing postrelease are potentially as great as those facing releasees; however, exonerees do not receive assistance with reentry. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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种族和犯罪历史对房东（不愿）出租给未婚人士的意愿的影响。

目的当被判有罪的人从监狱中获释时，乍看之下是胜利。然而，来自异教徒的轶事证据表明，获得住房释放后通常是具有挑战性的。我们通过实证研究了种族（研究1）或刑事犯罪类型（研究2）是否影响了房东向释放者出租的意愿，而不是释放者（即，被判有罪的人从监狱释放）和控制者（即，公众）。假设我们假设：（a）与对照组相比，（a）弃权者和释放者将得到较少的答复，而“是”的可用答复较少；（b）与白人居民相比，土著和黑人的租户将得到的答复较少，并且“是”的答复较少，（c）被判犯有谋杀罪的个人与被判犯有抢劫罪的个人相比，将得到较少的答复和更少的“是”。方法作者对加拿大（研究1）和多伦多（研究2）的在线公寓清单进行了询问，询问公寓的可用性。除刑事身份和种族（研究1），刑事身份和刑事犯罪（研究2）外，所有租金查询均相同。结果结果表明，房东的响应可能性大大降低（研究1：OR = 4.32，95％CI [3.28，5.69]；研究2：OR = 7.88，95％CI [4.97，12.48]），并指出了可用性（研究1：OR = 6.62，95％CI [3.54，12.38]；研究2：OR = 21.53，95％CI [7.07，65.58]），与公众成员相比，出租租借者的询问和释放。为了比赛 与白人租房者相比，房东回答土著和黑人租房者询问的可能性明显较小（OR = 1.45，95％CI [1.12，1.86]），与谋杀罪相比，被判有抢劫罪的人（OR = 1.69，95％CI [ .36，.97]）。结论在试图确保住房释放后，无权者面临的障碍可能与面临释放的障碍一样大。但是，重生者不会获得重新入境方面的协助。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。但是，重生者不会获得重新入境方面的协助。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。但是，重生者不会获得重新入境方面的协助。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。