The increasing role of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in many industries and their broad range of applications increase its potential toxic effects. Curcumin possesses a wide range of health benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the role of curcumin in attenuating CuO NPs toxicity in rat kidney. Thirty six animals were divided into five groups; control groups (I, II), curcumin group orally received curcumin 200 mg/kg bw, CuO NPs group orally gavaged 250 mg/kg bw CuO NPs and combined group orally gavaged curcumin and CuO NPs. Treatment was given for 3 months. Administration of CuO NPs revealed elevation in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, elevated kidney and urine levels of kidney injury molecule‐1, decreased catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, total sulfhydryl, reduced glutathione content, increased serum reactive oxygen species, tissue total oxidant status, lipid hydroperoxides, protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide levels, increased interleukin‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐α, nuclear factor (NF‐κB), and decreased heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) and γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ‐GCS) genes expression. Moreover, histopathological alteration in kidney structure was detected. Immunohistochemical‐stained sections by caspase‐3 reaction revealed apoptosis. Pretreatment with curcumin improved most of the adverse effects in rats treated with CuO NPs regarding oxidative stress and inflammatory indices in kidney, and kept histopathological‐ and immunohistochemical‐stained sections near to normal. This study shows that curcumin administration attenuates the toxicity in the kidney of CuO NPs‐treated rats through its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects.

中文翻译：

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姜黄素对氧化铜纳米颗粒介导的大鼠肾脏毒性的改善作用：分子机制研究。

氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuO NPs）在许多行业中日益重要的作用及其广泛的应用范围增加了其潜在的毒性作用。姜黄素具有广泛的健康益处。这项研究旨在评估姜黄素在减轻大鼠肾脏中CuO NPs毒性中的作用。36只动物分为5组。对照组（I，II），姜黄素组口服200毫克/千克体重的姜黄素，CuO NPs口服250毫克/千克体重的CuO NPs，联合组口服姜黄素和CuO NPs。治疗进行了3个月。服用CuO NP可以发现血清肌酐和血尿素氮水平升高，肾脏和尿液中的肾脏损伤分子-1水平升高，过氧化氢酶降低，超氧化物歧化酶活性降低，总巯基降低，谷胱甘肽含量降低，NF‐κB），血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）和γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶（γ-GCS）基因表达降低。而且，检测到肾脏结构的组织病理学改变。caspase-3反应染色的免疫组织化学染色切片显示凋亡。姜黄素预处理可改善用CuO NPs治疗的大鼠在肾脏中的氧化应激和炎症指标方面的大多数不良反应，并使组织病理学和免疫组织化学染色的切片接近正常。这项研究表明，姜黄素给药具有抗氧化，抗炎和抗凋亡的作用，可减轻用CuO NPs处理的大鼠对肾脏的毒性。