Oligodendrocytes are the central nervous system myelin-forming cells providing axonal electrical insulation and higher-order neuronal circuitry. The mechanical forces driving the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into myelinating oligodendrocytes are largely unknown, but likely require the spatiotemporal regulation of the architecture and dynamics of the actin and actomyosin cytoskeletons. In this study, we analyzed the expression pattern of myosin motors during oligodendrocyte development. We report that oligodendrocyte differentiation is regulated by the synchronized expression and non-uniform distribution of several members of the myosin network, particularly non-muscle myosins 2B and 2C, which potentially operate as nanomechanical modulators of cell tension and myelin membrane expansion at different cell stages.

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少突胶质细胞是中枢神经系统髓磷脂形成细胞，提供轴突电绝缘和高阶神经元电路。驱动少突胶质细胞前体细胞分化为髓鞘少突胶质细胞的机械力在很大程度上是未知的，但可能需要肌动蛋白和肌动球蛋白细胞骨架的结构和动力学的时空调节。在这项研究中，我们分析了少突胶质细胞发育过程中肌球蛋白马达的表达模式。我们报告说，少突胶质细胞的分化受到肌球蛋白网络几个成员的同步表达和不均匀分布的调节，特别是非肌肉肌球蛋白2B和2C，它们可能作为不同细胞阶段细胞张力和髓磷脂膜扩张的纳米力学调节剂。

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