There has been increasing interest in vegan diets, but how this dietary pattern regulates tissue fatty acids (FA), especially in men, is unclear. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a vegan diet on plasma, erythrocyte, and spermatozoa FA composition in young men. Two groups consisting of 67 young (18–25 years old) men were studied. One group following an omnivore diet but did not consume fish, shellfish or other marine foods (control, n = 33), and another group following a vegan diet (vegan, n = 34) for at least 12 months were compared. Dietary intake was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire and a 24‐h recall. FA composition was measured in plasma, erythrocyte phospholipids, and spermatozoa by gas–liquid chromatography. Compared to controls, the vegan group had higher reported intakes of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamins (C, E, K, and folate), and minerals (copper, potassium) but lower intakes of cholesterol, trans FA, vitamins B₆, D, and B₁₂, and minerals (calcium, iron, and zinc). Vegan's reported a lower saturated FA and not arachidonic acid intake, both groups did not intake eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), but vegan's showed a higher alpha linolenic acid ALA intake. Vegans had higher plasma, erythrocyte phospholipid, and spermatozoa ALA, but lower levels of other n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), especially DHA. Vegans were characterized by higher ALA, but lower levels of other n‐3 PUFA, especially DHA in plasma, erythrocytes, and spermatozoids. The biological significance of these findings requires further study.

中文翻译：

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年轻纯素男性的饮食、血浆、红细胞和精子脂肪酸组成变化。

人们对纯素饮食越来越感兴趣，但这种饮食模式如何调节组织脂肪酸 (FA)，尤其是男性，尚不清楚。我们的目的是评估纯素饮食对年轻男性血浆、红细胞和精子 FA 组成的影响。研究了由 67 名年轻（​​18-25 岁）男性组成的两组。一组遵循杂食饮食但不食用鱼、贝类或其他海洋食物（对照组，n = 33），另一组遵循纯素饮食（纯素，n = 34）至少 12 个月。膳食摄入量通过评估食物频率问卷和 24 小时回忆。通过气液色谱法测量血浆、红细胞磷脂和精子中的 FA 成分。与对照组相比，素食组报告的碳水化合物、膳食纤维、维生素（C、E、K 和叶酸）和矿物质（铜、钾）的摄入量更高，但胆固醇、反式FA、维生素 B ₆、D 的摄入量较低, 和 B ₁₂和矿物质（钙、铁和锌）。纯素食者报告饱和 FA 摄入量较低，而非花生四烯酸摄入量，两组均未摄入二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)，但纯素食者显示较高的 α 亚麻酸 ALA 摄入量。纯素食者的血浆、红细胞磷脂和精子 ALA 水平较高，但其他 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 水平较低，尤其是 DHA。纯素食者的特点是 ALA 较高，但其他 n-3 PUFA 水平较低，尤其是血浆、红细胞和精子中的 DHA。这些发现的生物学意义需要进一步研究。