Retroactive interference refers to the impairing effects of new learning on earlier memories. The memory-for-change framework posits that being reminded of earlier information when learning new information can alleviate such retroactive interference and lead to facilitation. Such effects have been shown in younger adults, but the extent to which remindings play a role in retroactive effects of memory for older adults has not been examined. We address this issue here in two experiments using variants of an A-B, A-C paired associate paradigm. Participants studied two lists containing associated word pairs that: repeated across lists (A-B, A-B), included the same cue with a changed response in List 2 (A-B, A-C), or only appeared in List 1 (A-B), and then completed a cued-recall test of List 1. Participants reported List 1 reminding during List 2 study and recollection of reminding at test. Neither age group showed retroactive interference in overall List 1 recall, but younger adults showed poorer source monitoring by producing more List 2 intrusions onto List 1 recall than older adults. For both age groups, reminding was associated with retroactive facilitation for List 1 recall, whereas the absence of reminding was associated with retroactive interference. The benefits associated with reminding and recollection of reminding were greater for younger than older adults, partly because younger adults were able to recollect remindings more often than older adults. Together these results implicate a role for reminding in retroactive effects of memory that is more facilitative for younger than older adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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提醒在老年人的记忆追溯作用中的作用。

追溯干扰是指新学习对较早记忆的削弱作用。更改记忆框架假定，在学习新信息时可以提醒人们更早的信息，可以减轻这种追溯性干扰并有助于简化工作。在年轻人中已显示出这种作用，但尚未研究提醒在老年人记忆的追溯作用中发挥作用的程度。我们在两个实验中使用AB，AC配对关联范例的变体解决了这个问题。参与者研究了两个包含关联单词对的列表：在列表中重复（AB，AB），在列表2（AB，AC）中包含具有相同响应的变化的提示，或仅出现在列表1（AB）中，然后完成清单1的提示召回测试 参与者在列表2研究期间报告了列表1提醒，并在测试中回忆了提醒。这两个年龄组均未显示出对整体List 1召回的追溯干扰，但较年长的成年人通过对List 1召回产生更多的List 2入侵而显示出较差的源监控。对于两个年龄组，提醒与清单1召回的追溯促进有关，而没有提醒与追溯干扰有关。与年龄较大的年轻人相比，与提醒和提醒有关的好处更大，部分原因是年轻人比年龄大的人能够更频繁地收集提醒。这些结果加在一起暗示了在记忆的追溯效应中起提醒作用，这种记忆对年轻人的影响要大于老年人。