Inhibitory theory suggests that a major determinant of individual differences in cognitive performance (including differences that are typically observed with increasing age) is the ability to dampen down goal-irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and actions. While this theory has garnered a lot of support over the years, it has also seen several challenges. This special issue of Psychology and Aging entitled "Aging and Inhibition: The View Ahead" continues with this theme and includes 14 articles by top researchers in the field of cognitive aging. While most of the articles included here lend support to the theory, some challenge it or provide limiting conditions. We organize our overview of these articles according to the different functions, or stages, of inhibition, which we refer to as access, deletion, and restraint, followed by a discussion of potential moderators, including practice, motivation, and arousal. In our view, these articles contribute to our understanding of how and when age differences in inhibitory control are observed and the wider implications (both positive and negative) for cognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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衰老与抑制：特刊介绍。

抑制理论表明，个人认知能力差异（包括通常随着年龄增长而观察到的差异）的主要决定因素是抑制与目标无关的刺激，思想和行为的能力。这些年来，虽然该理论获得了很多支持，但也遇到了一些挑战。本期《心理学与衰老》杂志名为“衰老与抑制：未来的观点”，以该主题为主题，其中包括认知衰老领域的顶级研究人员撰写的14篇文章。尽管此处包含的大多数文章为该理论提供了支持，但也有人对此提出了质疑或提供了限制条件。我们根据抑制的不同功能或阶段来组织对这些文章的概述，我们将其称为访问，删除和限制，然后讨论潜在的主持人，包括练习，动机和唤醒。我们认为，这些文章有助于我们理解如何以及何时观察到抑制性控制的年龄差异，以及对认知的更广泛的影响（正面和负面）。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。