The present study used simulations to examine whether Wagner's Standard Operating Procedures or Sometimes Opponent Processes (SOP) model explains various extinction phenomena. These included the so-called signature characteristics of extinction-renewal, reinstatement, and spontaneous recovery-as well as the effects on extinction of manipulations such as preexposure, the interval between extinction trials, the rate at which reinforcement ceases, and the presence of other stimuli. The simulations showed that SOP accounts for the effects of each of these manipulations. It does so for 2 reasons. First, the form of stimulus representation and rules for generating associative change mean that SOP can explain conditioning phenomena by appeal to changes in processing of both conditioned (CS) and unconditioned (US) stimuli, in contrast to other theories which confine changes in processing to either the CS (e.g., attentional theories) or the US (e.g., the Rescorla-Wagner model). Second, the processes that generate associative change in SOP are at least partially independent of those that generate performance. Hence, stimuli that differ in associative strength can extinguish at the same rate, and stimuli with equal associative strength can undergo different amounts of renewal, reinstatement or recovery. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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将Wagner的标准操作程序或有时将对手过程（SOP）模型应用于实验消光。

本研究使用模拟来检查Wagner的标准操作程序或有时的对手过程（SOP）模型是否解释了各种灭绝现象。其中包括所谓的灭绝更新，恢复和自发恢复的特征，以及对诸如灭绝前操作，灭绝试验之间的间隔，增强停止的速率以及是否存在其他措施等对灭绝的影响。刺激。仿真表明，SOP解释了每种操作的影响。这样做有两个原因。首先，刺激表示的形式和产生关联变化的规则意味着SOP可以通过诉诸条件（CS）和非条件（US）刺激过程的变化来解释条件现象，与其他将处理过程的变化限制为CS（例如注意力理论）或US（例如Rescorla-Wagner模型）的理论形成对比。其次，在SOP中产生关联变化的过程至少部分独立于产生绩效的过程。因此，缔合强度不同的刺激可以以相同的速度消灭，缔合强度相等的刺激可以经历不同程度的更新，恢复或恢复。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。缔合强度不同的刺激可以以相同的速度消失，缔合强度相同的刺激可以经历不同程度的更新，恢复或恢复。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。缔合强度不同的刺激可以以相同的速度消失，缔合强度相同的刺激可以经历不同程度的更新，恢复或恢复。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。