Data on arachidonic (AA) and linoleic (LA) acid derivatives and their role in the reproductive cycle are limited. In order to systematize these reports, 54 scientific investigations were analyzed, which revealed the important role of AA and LA in the planning and course of pregnancy. Ovulation, menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth are strongly related to the occurrence of physiological inflammatory reactions. Ovulation and menstruation are cyclic tissue remodeling processes that cause changes in the synthesis of inflammation mediators, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Thus, the cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase-5 (5-LOX) pathway for AA transformation is activated. Only the absence of neutrophils during this process differentiates an embryo implantation from a standard inflammatory response. It has been found that in COX-2 deficiency conditions, incorrect embryo implantation and decidual reaction occur; therefore, the mechanism associated with the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway seems to play an important role in the course of embryo implantation. In addition, 12/15-LOX may be key modulators of uterine activity during the implantation process. According to the current state of knowledge, AA derivatives synthesized throughout the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and LOX pathways play a special role in the late pregnancy period. Decreased 5-HETE levels have been related to slowing down the progression of labor, while 11-HETE and 15-HETrE to its acceleration. It has been also proven that renal 20-HETE contents undergo significant changes in the late pregnancy period, which are caused by an increase in their adrenal medulla and vascular synthesis, leading to decrease of blood pressure and an increase of sodium excretion, finally conditioning a normal course of labor.

中文翻译：

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在正常的生殖周期和怀孕过程中，有花生四烯酸 (AA) 和亚油酸 (LA) 衍生物（HETE 和 HODE）参与的炎症是必要的。

关于花生四烯酸 (AA) 和亚油酸 (LA) 酸衍生物及其在生殖周期中的作用的数据有限。为了使这些报告系统化，对 54 项科学调查进行了分析，揭示了 AA 和 LA 在怀孕计划和过程中的重要作用。排卵、月经、妊娠、分娩与生理炎症反应的发生密切相关。排卵和月经是周期性的组织重塑过程，会导致炎症介质（如前列腺素和白三烯）的合成发生变化。因此，用于 AA 转化的环氧合酶 (COX) 和脂加氧酶-5 (5-LOX) 途径被激活。只有在此过程中中性粒细胞的缺失才能将胚胎植入与标准炎症反应区分开来。已经发现，在COX-2缺乏的情况下，会出现不正确的胚胎着床和蜕膜反应；因此，与激活核因子 (NF)-κB 通路相关的机制似乎在胚胎着床过程中起重要作用。此外，12/15-LOX 可能是植入过程中子宫活动的关键调节剂。根据目前的知识状态，在整个细胞色素 P450 (CYP) 和 LOX 途径中合成的 AA 衍生物在妊娠后期发挥特殊作用。降低的 5-HETE 水平与减缓分娩进程有关，而 11-HETE 和 15-HETrE 与其加速有关。也已证明肾20-HETE含量在妊娠晚期发生显着变化，