Pregnancy and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare and special form of osteoporosis, which is poorly known with regard to its etiology, pathophysiology and therapy. However, PLO can cause vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and height loss, which could cause further kyphosis of the spine. Therefore, PLO should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis when a woman presents with severe back pain during or after pregnancy. In our current study, we reviewed the novel literatures that demonstrate the current understanding of and treatment for PLO. In addition, we retrospectively studied four patients who suffered from back pain and VCFs during or after pregnancy. We also examine their clinical medicine treatment methods and outcomes in order to provide evidence for a better understanding of PLO and its relevant medical treatment.

妊娠和哺乳期相关骨质疏松症 (PLO) 是一种罕见且特殊的骨质疏松症，其病因、病理生理学和治疗方法知之甚少。然而，PLO 会导致椎体压缩性骨折 (VCF) 和身高下降，从而导致脊柱进一步后凸。因此，当女性在怀孕期间或之后出现严重的背痛时，在鉴别诊断中应考虑 PLO。在我们目前的研究中，我们回顾了展示当前对 PLO 的理解和治疗的新文献。此外，我们回顾性研究了四名在怀孕期间或之后遭受背痛和 VCF 的患者。