Abstract In the present study, the sol-gel technique helped to obtain Fe-containing samples with a base of amorphous silicon dioxide from rice husks RH-Fe and RH-Fe-300. These materials are characterized by IR spectroscopy, X-ray phase and X-ray spectral analysis. It was shown that the samples contain silicate structures Si-O-Si(Fe) and are in an amorphous state. Structure of the surface layers of RH-Fe-300 catalyst particles was established for the first time using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive spectra (EDX) methods. It was shown that the surface layers of the synthesized particles are oxygen depleted due to oxygen vacancies and silanol groups, therefore defects can form in its structure. Photocatalytic activity of the samples in the phenol oxidation reaction under ultraviolet and solar irradiation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was studied. It was shown that the degree of phenol decomposition in the presence of RH-Fe for 24 hours under solar irradiation was 92%, in the presence of RH-Fe – 17%. Under two-stage irradiation (ultraviolet and solar), the percentage of phenol decomposition using both catalysts after a day amounted to more than 80%. It was established that RH-Fe-300 catalyst increases oxidation of phenolic compounds in alkaline rice husk hydrolysates under solar irradiation in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

中文翻译：

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Fe/SiO2 催化剂上苯酚的氧化破坏

摘要在本研究中，溶胶-凝胶技术有助于从稻壳RH-Fe和RH-Fe-300中获得以无定形二氧化硅为基础的含铁样品。这些材料通过红外光谱、X 射线相和 X 射线光谱分析进行表征。结果表明，样品含有硅酸盐结构Si-O-Si(Fe)并且处于非晶态。首次利用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和能谱（EDX）方法建立了RH-Fe-300催化剂颗粒的表面层结构。结果表明，合成颗粒的表面层由于氧空位和硅烷醇基团而贫氧，因此其结构中会形成缺陷。研究了样品在过氧化氢存在下紫外和太阳照射下苯酚氧化反应中的光催化活性。结果表明，在太阳光照射下，在 RH-Fe 存在下 24 小时，苯酚分解率为 92%，在 RH-Fe 存在下为 17%。在两阶段照射（紫外线和太阳光）下，一天后使用两种催化剂的苯酚分解率达到80%以上。已确定，RH-Fe-300 催化剂在过氧化氢存在下在太阳照射下可增加碱性稻壳水解产物中酚类化合物的氧化。