Abstract Degradation of naproxen (NAP) by persulfate (PS) activated with zero-valent iron (ZVI) was investigated in our study. The NAP in aqueous solution was degraded effectively by the ZVI/PS system and the degradation exhibited a pseudo-first-order kinetics pattern. Both sulfate radical (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radical (HO•) participate in the NAP degradation. The second-order rate constants for NAP reacting with SO4•− and HO• were (5.64 ± 0.73) × 109 M−1 s−1 and (9.05 ± 0.51) × 109 M−1 s−1, respectively. Influence of key parameters (initial pH, PS dosage, ZVI dosage, and NAP dosage) on NAP degradation were evaluated systematically. Based on the detected intermediates, the pathways of NAP degradation in ZVI/PS system was proposed. It was found that the presence of ammonia accelerated the corrosion of ZVI and thus promoted the release of Fe2+, which induced the increased generation of sulfate radicals from PS and promoted the degradation of NAP. Compared to its counterpart without ammonia, the degradation rates of NAP by ZVI/PS were increased to 3.6–17.5 folds and 1.2–2.2 folds under pH 7 and pH 9, respectively.

中文翻译：

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零价铁活化过硫酸盐有效降解萘普生：性能、动力学和降解途径

摘要我们的研究调查了零价铁 (ZVI) 活化的过硫酸盐 (PS) 降解萘普生 (NAP) 的情况。ZVI/PS系统可以有效降解水溶液中的NAP，并且降解表现出准一级动力学模式。硫酸根(SO4•−)和羟基自由基(HO•)都参与NAP降解。NAP与SO4•−和HO•反应的二阶速率常数分别为(5.64±0.73)×109M−1s−1和(9.05±0.51)×109M−1s−1。系统评价了关键参数（初始pH、PS用量、ZVI用量和NAP用量）对NAP降解的影响。基于检测到的中间体，提出了ZVI/PS系统中NAP降解的途径。结果发现，氨的存在加速了ZVI的腐蚀，从而促进Fe2+的释放，从而诱导PS中硫酸根的生成增加，促进NAP的降解。与不含氨的对应物相比，在pH 7和pH 9下，ZVI/PS对NAP的降解率分别提高到3.6-17.5倍和1.2-2.2倍。