The relation between maternal behavior and neurocognitive development is complex and may depend on the task context. We examined 5‐month‐old infant frontal electroencephalogram (EEG), maternal intrusiveness (MI) evaluated during two play contexts at 5 and 10 months, and a battery of executive function (EF) tasks completed at 48 months to evaluate if MI during infancy and infant neural function interacted to predict later cognition. Infant frontal EEG was a predictor of 4‐year EF. MI during structured play at both 5 and 10 months predicted preschool EF, and MI during unstructured did not have a main effect on EF but showed a potential moderating effect of infant EEG on later EF. The pattern changed between ages, with MI during structured play at 5 months showing a positive association with age 4 EF, whereas MI during structured play at 10 months had a negative association with age 4 EF. We demonstrate differences in the context of maternal behavior used to predict childhood EF, highlighting the importance of considering parenting context in EF development.

中文翻译：

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婴儿期母亲侵入性的背景以及与学前执行功能的关联。

孕产妇行为与神经认知发育之间的关系很复杂，可能取决于任务背景。我们检查了5个月大的婴儿额叶脑电图（EEG），在5和10个月的两个游戏情境中评估的母亲侵入性（MI）以及在48个月时完成的一系列执行功能（EF）任务以评估婴儿期是否出现MI和婴儿神经功能相互作用以预测以后的认知。婴儿额叶脑电图可预测4年EF。在5和10个月的结构性游戏中的MI预测学龄前EF，而在非结构性的MI中对EF没有主要影响，但显示婴儿脑电图对以后的EF有潜在的调节作用。这种模式随着年龄的增长而变化，在5个月的结构性比赛中，MI与4岁EF呈正相关，而在10个月的结构性游戏中，MI与4岁EF呈负相关。我们证明了用于预测儿童EF的母亲行为背景的差异，突出了在EF发展中考虑育儿背景的重要性。