Aiming at portability and mobility, the design and implementation of a portable neutron spectrometer, namely the Matryoshka-type Neutron Spectrometer, was completed while considering the idea of a Bonner Sphere Spectrometer. The Matryoshka-type Neutron Spectrometer used a spherical He proportional counter as a thermal neutron detector. A number of cylindrical acrylic cups with diameters from 4 cm to 40 cm were made as containers for water as a moderator. The Monte Carlo method was adopted in order to obtain the energy response matrix of the Matryoshka-type Neutron Spectrometer. During the measurement, each acrylic cup contained water as a moderator, and the He proportional counter was set to the geometric center to perform neutron counting. With the energy response matrix obtained above, the neutron spectrum was resolved by a classical inversion algorithm. After the measurement, water was drained and the acrylic cups were placed one inside the other, like a Matryoshka doll. The design of a Matryoshka-type Neutron Spectrometer has reduced the mass and volume of the Bonner Sphere Spectrometer and was not difficult to carry around. Comparison tests acquiring background and Am-Be source neutron spectra between the Matryoshka-type Neutron Spectrometer and Bonner Sphere Spectrometer proved the effectiveness of the Matryoshka-type Neutron Spectrometer.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯套娃型中子谱仪的设计与实现。


以便携性和移动性为目标，结合邦纳球谱仪的思想，完成了便携式中子谱仪——俄罗斯套娃型中子谱仪的设计与实现。俄罗斯套娃型中子谱仪使用球形氦正比计数器作为热中子探测器。制作了许多直径为4厘米至40厘米的圆柱形丙烯酸杯作为水作为慢化剂的容器。采用蒙特卡罗方法获得套娃型中子谱仪的能量响应矩阵。测量时，每个亚克力杯盛有水作为慢化剂，He正比计数器置于几何中心进行中子计数。利用上面得到的能量响应矩阵，通过经典反演算法求解中子能谱。测量完成后，将水沥干，并将亚克力杯一个一个地放在另一个里面，就像俄罗斯套娃一样。俄罗斯套娃式中子能谱仪的设计，减少了邦纳球能谱仪的质量和体积，不难携带。通过俄罗斯套娃型中子谱仪与邦纳球谱仪获取本底和Am-Be源中子谱的对比试验，证明了俄罗斯套娃型中子谱仪的有效性。