The effect of temperature on insect-plant interactions in the face of changing climate is complex as the plant, its herbivores and their interactions are usually affected differentially leading to an asymmetry in response. Using experimental warming and a combination of biochemical and herbivory bioassays, the effects of elevated temperatures and herbivore damage (Helicoverpa zea) on resistance and tolerance traits of Solanum lycopersicum var. Better boy (tomato), as well as herbivory performance and salivary defense elicitors were examined. Insects and plants were differentially sensitive towards warming within the experimental temperature range. Herbivore growth rate increased with temperature, whereas plants growth as well as the ability to tolerate stress measured by photosynthesis recovery and regrowth ability were compromised at the highest temperature regime. In particular, temperature influenced the caterpillars’ capacity to induce plant defenses due to changes in the amount of a salivary defense elicitor, glucose oxidase (GOX). This was further complexed by the temperature effects on plant inducibility, which was significantly enhanced at an above-optimum temperature; this paralleled with an increased plants resistance to herbivory but significantly varied between previously damaged and undamaged leaves. Elevated temperatures produced asymmetry in species’ responses and changes in the relationship among species, indicating a more complicated response under a climate change scenario.

中文翻译：

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对气候变化的不对称响应：温度差异会改变草食动物唾液诱导剂和寄主植物对草食动物的响应。

面对气候变化，温度对昆虫-植物相互作用的影响非常复杂，因为植物，草食动物及其相互作用通常受到差异影响，从而导致响应不对称。通过实验性升温以及生化和草食生物测定的组合，高温和草食动物的危害（Helicoverpa zea）对番茄的抗性和耐受性的影响变种 检查了更好的男孩（番茄）以及食草性能和唾液防御诱导剂。在实验温度范围内，昆虫和植物对变暖的敏感性不同。草食动物的生长速率随温度的升高而增加，而植物的生长以及通过光合作用恢复和再生长能力测得的耐胁迫能力在最高温度下受到损害。特别地，由于唾液防御诱导剂葡萄糖氧化酶（GOX）的量变化，温度影响了毛毛虫诱导植物防御的能力。温度对植物诱导性的影响使情况进一步复杂化，在高于最佳温度的情况下显着增强了温度诱导性。这与增加的植物对草食动物的抗性同时出现，但在先前受损和未受损的叶片之间差异很大。升高的温度在物种响应中产生不对称性，并且物种之间的关系发生变化，这表明在气候变化情景下响应更加复杂。