Some free fatty acids derived from milk and vegetable oils are known to have potent antiviral and antibacterial properties. However, therapeutic applications of short- to medium-chain fatty acids are limited by physical characteristics such as immiscibility in aqueous solutions. We evaluated a novel proprietary formulation based on an emulsion of short-chain caprylic acid, ViroSAL, for its ability to inhibit a range of viral infections in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, ViroSAL inhibited the enveloped viruses Epstein–Barr, measles, herpes simplex, Zika and orf parapoxvirus, together with Ebola, Lassa, vesicular stomatitis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) pseudoviruses, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Evaluation of the components of ViroSAL revealed that caprylic acid was the main antiviral component; however, the ViroSAL formulation significantly inhibited viral entry compared with caprylic acid alone. In vivo, ViroSAL significantly inhibited Zika and Semliki Forest virus replication in mice following the inoculation of these viruses into mosquito bite sites. In agreement with studies investigating other free fatty acids, ViroSAL had no effect on norovirus, a non-enveloped virus, indicating that its mechanism of action may be surfactant disruption of the viral envelope. We have identified a novel antiviral formulation that is of great interest for the prevention and/or treatment of a broad range of enveloped viruses, particularly those of the skin and mucosal surfaces.

中文翻译：

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一种新型抗病毒制剂可抑制一系列包膜病毒。

已知一些源自牛奶和植物油的游离脂肪酸具有强大的抗病毒和抗菌特性。然而，短链至中链脂肪酸的治疗应用受到诸如在水溶液中的不混溶性等物理特性的限制。我们评估了一种基于短链辛酸乳液 ViroSAL 的新型专有配方，以评估其在体外和体内抑制一系列病毒感染的能力。体外，ViroSAL 抑制包膜病毒 Epstein–Barr、麻疹、单纯疱疹病毒、寨卡病毒和 orf 副痘病毒，以及埃博拉病毒、拉沙病毒、水疱性口炎和严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 1 (SARS-CoV-1) 假病毒，浓度和时间依赖的方式。对 ViroSAL 成分的评估表明，辛酸是主要的抗病毒成分；然而，与单独使用辛酸相比，ViroSAL 制剂可显着抑制病毒进入。体内, ViroSAL 在将这些病毒接种到蚊虫叮咬部位后，显着抑制了寨卡病毒和塞姆利基森林病毒在小鼠体内的复制。与调查其他游离脂肪酸的研究一致，ViroSAL 对诺如病毒（一种无包膜病毒）没有影响，表明其作用机制可能是表面活性剂破坏病毒包膜。我们已经确定了一种新型抗病毒制剂，它对预防和/或治疗范围广泛的包膜病毒具有重要意义，尤其是皮肤和粘膜表面的病毒。