Nature teaches us that form precedes function, yet structure and function are intertwined. Such is the case with synapse structure, function, and plasticity underlying learning, especially in the hippocampus, a crucial brain region for memory formation. As the hippocampus matures, enduring changes in synapse structure produced by long-term potentiation (LTP) shift from synaptogenesis to synapse enlargement that is homeostatically balanced by stalled spine outgrowth and local spine clustering. Production of LTP leads to silent spine outgrowth at P15, and silent synapse enlargement in adult hippocampus at 2hours, but not at 5 or 30min following induction. Here we consider structural LTP in the context of developmental stage and variation in the availability of local resources of endosomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and polyribosomes. The emerging evidence supports a need for more nuanced analysis of synaptic plasticity in the context of subcellular resource availability and developmental stage.

中文翻译：

---

结构 LTP：从突触发生到调节突触扩大和聚集。

大自然告诉我们，形式先于功能，但结构和功能是交织在一起的。学习背后的突触结构、功能和可塑性就是这种情况，尤其是在海马体中，这是记忆形成的关键大脑区域。随着海马体的成熟，由长时程增强 (LTP) 产生的突触结构的持久变化从突触发生转变为突触扩大，后者通过停滞的脊柱生长和局部脊柱聚集实现稳态平衡。LTP 的产生导致在 P15 时沉默的脊柱长出，并在 2 小时时在成人海马中导致沉默的突触扩大，但在诱导后 5 或 30 分钟时不会。在这里，我们在发育阶段的背景下考虑结构 LTP，以及内体、平滑内质网和多核糖体的局部资源可用性的变化。