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Telehealth for an Aging Population: How Can Law Influence Adoption Among Providers, Payors, and Patients?
American Journal of Law & Medicine ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-13 , DOI: 10.1177/0098858820933501
Tara Sklar 1 , Christopher T Robertson 2
Affiliation  

Telehealth continues to experience substantial investment, innovation, and unprecedented growth. However, telehealth has been slow to transform healthcare. Recent developments in telehealth technologies suggest great potential for chronic care management, mental health services, and care delivery in the home—all of which should be particularly impactful for an aging population with physical and cognitive limitations. While this alignment of technological capacity and market demand is promising, legal barriers remain for telehealth operators to scale up across large geographic areas. To better understand how federal and state law can be reformed to enable greater telehealth utilization, we review and extract lessons from (1) establishment of a healthcare relationship, (2) state licensure laws, and (3) reimbursement. We analyze these areas because of the legal ambiguities or inconsistencies they raise depending on the state, which seem to be hampering telehealth growth without necessarily improving quality of care. We propose several solutions for a more unified approach to telehealth regulation that incorporate core bioethics principles of doctor-patient relationship, competence, patient autonomy, as well as population-wide questions of resource allocation and access. Lawmakers should clarify that healthcare relationships may be established outside of in-person meetings, align licensure laws via an interstate compact or federal preemption, and expand Centers for Medicare and Medicaid plans to reimburse telehealth delivery in the home.

中文翻译:

人口老龄化的远程医疗:法律如何影响提供者、支付者和患者的采用?

远程医疗继续经历大量投资、创新和前所未有的增长。然而,远程医疗在改变医疗保健方面进展缓慢。远程医疗技术的最新发展表明长期护理管理、心理健康服务和家庭护理服务的巨大潜力——所有这些对于身体和认知受限的老龄化人口都应该特别有影响。虽然技术能力和市场需求的这种结合是有希望的,但远程医疗运营商在大地理区域扩大规模仍然存在法律障碍。为了更好地了解如何改革联邦和州法律以实现更大的远程医疗利用,我们回顾并从 (1) 建立医疗保健关系、(2) 州许可法和 (3) 报销中汲取教训。我们分析这些领域是因为它们提出的法律含糊不清或不一致取决于各州,这似乎阻碍了远程医疗的发展,但不一定会提高护理质量。我们为更统一的远程医疗监管方法提出了几种解决方案,其中包含医患关系、能力、患者自主权的核心生物伦理学原则,以及资源分配和获取的人口范围问题。立法者应该澄清,可以在面对面会议之外建立医疗保健关系,通过州际契约或联邦优先权调整许可法,并扩大医疗保险中心和医疗补助计划,以补偿家庭远程医疗服务。这似乎阻碍了远程医疗的发展,但不一定能提高护理质量。我们为更统一的远程医疗监管方法提出了几种解决方案,其中包含医患关系、能力、患者自主权的核心生物伦理学原则,以及资源分配和获取的人口范围问题。立法者应该澄清,可以在面对面会议之外建立医疗保健关系,通过州际契约或联邦优先权调整许可法,并扩大医疗保险中心和医疗补助计划,以补偿家庭远程医疗服务。这似乎阻碍了远程医疗的发展,但不一定能提高护理质量。我们为更统一的远程医疗监管方法提出了几种解决方案,其中包含医患关系、能力、患者自主权的核心生物伦理学原则,以及资源分配和获取的人口范围问题。立法者应该澄清,可以在面对面会议之外建立医疗保健关系,通过州际契约或联邦优先权调整许可法,并扩大医疗保险中心和医疗补助计划,以补偿家庭远程医疗服务。以及资源分配和获取的全民性问题。立法者应该澄清,可以在面对面会议之外建立医疗保健关系,通过州际契约或联邦优先权调整许可法,并扩大医疗保险中心和医疗补助计划,以补偿家庭远程医疗服务。以及资源分配和获取的全民性问题。立法者应该澄清,可以在面对面会议之外建立医疗保健关系,通过州际契约或联邦优先权调整许可法,并扩大医疗保险中心和医疗补助计划,以补偿家庭远程医疗服务。
更新日期:2020-07-13
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