Candida albicans is a regular member of the intestinal microbiota in the majority of the human population. This underscores C. albicans' adaptation to life in the intestine without inducing competitive interactions with other microbes, or immune responses detrimental to its survival. However, specific conditions such as a dysbalanced microbiome, a suppression of the immune system, and an impaired intestinal barrier can predispose for invasive, mostly nosocomial, C. albicans infections. Colonization of the intestine and translocation through the intestinal barrier are fundamental aspects of the processes preceding life-threatening systemic candidiasis. Insights into C. albicans' commensal lifestyle and translocation can thus help us to understand how patients develop candidiasis, and may provide leads for therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing infection. In this review, we discuss the commensal lifestyle of C. albicans in the intestine, the role of morphology for commensalism, the influence of diet, and the interactions with bacteria of the microbiota.

中文翻译：

---

肠道，有害的和无害的：白色念珠菌是肠道中的共生病原体。

白色念珠菌是大多数人群肠道微生物群的常规成员。这强调了白色念珠菌对肠道生活的适应，而不会引起与其他微生物的竞争性相互作用，或不利于其生存的免疫反应。然而，特定的条件，如微生物群失衡、免疫系统抑制和肠道屏障受损，可能会导致侵入性的，主要是医院内的白色念珠菌感染。肠道的定植和通过肠道屏障的易位是危及生命的系统性念珠菌病之前过程的基本方面。因此，深入了解白色念珠菌的共生生活方式和易位可以帮助我们了解患者如何发展念珠菌病，并可能为旨在预防感染的治疗策略提供线索。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了白色念珠菌在肠道中的共生生活方式、共生形态的作用、饮食的影响以及与微生物群中细菌的相互作用。