Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Volume 45, Issue 12, Page 1377-1386, December 2020.
We compared the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and combined aerobic and resistance exercise on total, regional subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral AT (VAT), skeletal muscle (SM), and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in adolescents. Adolescents with overweight/obesity (N = 118; body mass index ≥ 85th percentile; age, 12–17 years) were randomized to 1 of the following groups for 6 months (3 days/week, 180 min/week): aerobic exercise (n = 38), resistance exercise (n = 40), or combined aerobic and resistance exercise (n = 40). After accounting for age, sex, and baseline value, there was a greater (P < 0.05) reduction in body weight in the aerobic exercise group compared with the resistance exercise group and the combined groups. There were reductions (P < 0.05) in total and regional SAT within the aerobic exercise group only, and the reductions in lower-body SAT were greater (P = 0.02) than the combined group. All groups had reductions (P < 0.01) in VAT, with no group differences. There were significant increases in total and regional SM mass in the resistance exercise and combined group, and not in the aerobic exercise group. Although all exercise modalities are effective in reducing VAT, aerobic exercise is superior at reducing total and regional SAT, but inferior for increasing SM in adolescents with obesity. Despite reductions in VAT, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness did not improve with either exercise. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01938950. Novelty Regular exercise (180 min/week) is associated with reductions in visceral fat independent of exercise modality. Resistance exercise alone and combined resistance and aerobic exercise are similarly effective in increasing SM mass.

中文翻译：

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运动方式对肥胖青少年身体成分和心血管疾病危险因素的影响：一项随机临床试验。

应用生理学、营养和代谢，第 45 卷，第 12 期，第 1377-1386 页，2020 年 12 月。
我们比较了有氧运动、抗阻运动以及有氧运动和抗阻运动相结合对青少年总体、区域皮下脂肪组织 (SAT) 和内脏 AT (VAT)、骨骼肌 (SM) 和心血管疾病生物标志物的影响。超重/肥胖的青少年（N = 118；体重指数 ≥ 85%；年龄，12-17 岁）随机分为以下一组，为期 6 个月（3 天/周，180 分钟/周）： 有氧运动（ n = 38)、抗阻运动 (n = 40) 或有氧运动和抗阻运动相结合 (n = 40)。考虑到年龄、性别和基线值后，与抗阻运动组和联合组相比，有氧运动组的体重减轻幅度更大（P < 0.05）。有减少（P < 0。05) 仅在有氧运动组内的总 SAT 和区域 SAT 中，下半身 SAT 的降低幅度大于合并组 (P = 0.02)。所有组的增值税均降低 (P < 0.01)，无组间差异。阻力运动和联合组的总和区域 SM 质量显着增加，而有氧运动组则没有。尽管所有运动方式都可以有效降低 VAT，但有氧运动在降低总 SAT 和区域 SAT 方面具有优势，但在增加肥胖青少年 SM 方面较差。尽管增值税减少，颈股脉搏波速度和颈动脉内膜中层厚度在这两种运动中都没有改善。Clinicaltrials.gov 标识符：NCT01938950。新奇规律的运动（180 分钟/周）与减少内脏脂肪有关，与运动方式无关。单独的阻力运动和结合阻力和有氧运动在增加 SM 质量方面同样有效。