Triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) is an aggressive form of cancer, with high rates of morbidity, mortality, poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. The objective of the present study was to elaborate the anticancer activity of Troxerutin (TXN) in TNBC/MDA-MB-231 cells. Herein, we demonstrated the inhibitory effects of TXN on the breast cancer cell growth via induction of apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), DNA damage and apoptotic nuclear changes were analyzed by flowcytometry, AO/EtBr and Hoechst staining, respectively. Furthermore, apoptotic protein and gene expressions were analyzed by western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Our results indicated that TXN induces apoptosis as evidenced by inhibit the cell proliferation, enhanced apoptotic activation, altered mitochondrial membrane potential and elevated level of DNA damage in TNBC cells. Furthermore, the TXN inhibit anti-apoptotic protein expression with the subsequent upregulation of Cytochrome c, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3. Thus, TXN induces apoptosis in TNBC cells through inducing nuclear damage and altered apoptotic marker expressions. Therefore, TXN might be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.

中文翻译：

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Troxerutin在三阴性乳腺癌细胞中增强的凋亡发生和癌基因调控机制。

三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）是一种侵袭性癌症，发病率高，死亡率高，预后差且治疗选择有限。本研究的目的是阐述曲妥净（TXN）在TNBC / MDA-MB-231细胞中的抗癌活性。在本文中，我们证明了TXN通过诱导细胞凋亡对乳腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用。分别通过流式细胞术，AO / EtBr和Hoechst染色分析线粒体膜电位（ΔΨm），DNA损伤和凋亡核变化。此外，分别通过蛋白质印迹和逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分析凋亡蛋白和基因表达。我们的结果表明TXN诱导凋亡，这可以通过抑制细胞增殖，增强凋亡激活来证明。改变了TNBC细胞的线粒体膜电位和DNA损伤水平。此外，TXN抑制抗凋亡蛋白的表达，并随后上调细胞色素c，Caspase-9和Caspase-3的表达。因此，TXN通过诱导核损伤和改变凋亡的标志物表达来诱导TNBC细胞凋亡。因此，TXN可用作治疗三阴性乳腺癌的潜在治疗剂。