What are the mechanisms responsible for spontaneous cospeech gesture production? Driven by the close connection between cospeech gestures and object-related actions, recent research suggests that cospeech gestures originate in perceptual and motoric simulations that occur while speakers process information for speaking (Hostetter & Alibali, 2008). Here, we test this claim by highlighting object affordances during a communication task, inspired by the classic stimulus-response compatibility paradigm by Tucker and Ellis (1998). We compared cospeech gestures in situations where target objects were oriented toward the speakers' dominant hand (grasping potential enhanced), with situations where they were oriented toward the nondominant hand. Before the main experiment, we conducted a replication attempt of Tucker and Ellis' (1998: Experiment 1) to (re)establish the effect of stimulus compatibility, using contemporary items. Contrary to expectations, we could not replicate the original findings. Furthermore, compatibly with our replication results, the gesture data showed that enhancing grasping potential did not increase the amount of cospeech gestures produced. Vertical orientation nevertheless did, with upright objects eliciting more cospeech gestures than inverted ones, which does suggest a relation between affordance and gesture production. Our results challenge the automaticity of affordance effects, both in a classic stimulus-response compatibility experiment as well as in a more interactive dialogue setting and suggest that previous findings on cospeech gestures emerge from thinking and communicating about action-evoking content rather than from the affordance-compatibility of the presented objects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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什么触发手势？探索代表性手势生产中的可供性兼容性影响。

负责自发语音手势产生的机制是什么？在语音手势和对象相关动作之间的密切联系的推动下，最近的研究表明，语音手势起源于说话者处理说话信息时发生的感知和运动模拟（Hostetter & Alibali，2008）。在这里，我们通过在通信任务中突出显示对象可供性来测试这一主张，其灵感来自 Tucker 和 Ellis（1998）的经典刺激 - 反应兼容性范式。我们将目标对象朝向说话者的惯用手（抓握潜力增强）的情况下的语音手势与它们朝向非惯用手的情况进行了比较。在主要实验之前，我们进行了 Tucker 和 Ellis（1998：实验 1) 使用当代物品（重新）建立刺激兼容性的效果。与预期相反，我们无法复制最初的发现。此外，与我们的复制结果一致，手势数据表明，增强抓握能力并没有增加产生的语音手势的数量。尽管如此，垂直方向确实如此，直立的物体比倒立的物体引起更多的语音手势，这确实表明了可供性和手势产生之间的关系。我们的结果挑战了可供性效应的自动性，无论是在经典的刺激-反应兼容性实验中，还是在更具互动性的对话环境中，都表明先前关于 cospeech 手势的发现来自对引发动作的内容的思考和交流，而不是来自所呈现对象的可供性兼容性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。