ABSTRACT: The application of probiotics for disease control in aquaculture is now a convincing approach towards replacement of antibiotics, which can cause adverse effects in aquatic animals and humans. In this study, we combined 2 probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with shrimp feed to create 2 formulas (WU8 and WU9), which were fed for 10 d to juvenile shrimp Penaeus vannamei. The shrimps were then subjected to a challenge infection with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of acute hepatopancreas necrosis disease (AHPND). The protective effects of probiotics against bacterial infection were investigated through histopathology of the hepatopancrease and immunological evaluation of shrimp. Both WU8 and WU9 probiotic mixtures (1:1, at 10⁸ and 10⁹ CFU kg diet^-1) increased blasenzellen hepatopancreatic epithelial cells and reduced pathology caused by AHPND. After 10 d of feeding, hemocyte parameters, including the total hemocyte count, percent of granular hemocytes, and phenoloxidase activity, increased significantly and were still increasing at 24 h post infection. Crustin and penaeidin 3 genes were also highly upregulated in hemocytes before and after 24 h of bacterial challenge and significantly upregulated in the hepatopancreas 1 to 5 d post-infection. A significantly higher survival rate was observed in shrimp fed with the probiotic supplemented diet (>90%) in comparison to the control group (60%). In conclusion, probiotic mixtures of L. acidophilus and S. cerevisiae reduced hepatopancreas pathology and protected shrimp from a challenge with AHPND.

中文翻译：

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日粮中添加益生菌补充剂可增强虾的健康和免疫力：应用于副溶血性弧菌感染。

摘要：益生菌在水产养殖中控制疾病的应用现已成为一种令人信服的替代抗生素的方法，这种抗生素可能对水生动物和人类造成不良影响。在这项研究中，我们将2种益生菌（嗜酸乳杆菌和酿酒酵母）与虾饲料相结合，制成了2种配方奶粉（WU8和WU9），将其饲喂10 d到南美白对虾。然后，将虾用副溶血性弧菌感染，是急性肝胰腺坏死病（AHPND）的病因。通过肝胰脏的组织病理学和虾的免疫学评估，研究了益生菌对细菌感染的保护作用。WU8和WU9益生菌混合物（1：1，在10 ⁸和10 ⁹ CFU kg饮食^-1下）blasenzellen肝胰腺上皮细胞增多，AHPND引起的病理减少。喂食10天后，血细胞参数（包括总血细胞计数，颗粒血细胞百分比和酚氧化酶活性）显着增加，并且在感染后24小时仍在增加。细菌攻击前后24小时，血细胞中的Crustin和penaeidin 3基因也高度上调，感染后1到5 d在肝胰腺中明显上调。与对照组（60％）相比，喂食益生菌补充饲料的虾（> 90％）的存活率明显更高。总之，嗜酸乳杆菌和酿酒酵母的益生菌混合物 减少了肝胰腺病理，并保护了虾免受AHPND的攻击。