ABSTRACT: Amoebic gill disease (AGD), caused by the marine amoeba Paramoeba perurans, is an important disease of farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. in Norway. The use of wrasse as cleaner fish in salmon net pens raises questions about interspecies transmission of pathogens such as P. perurans. In this study, cohabitant transmission of clonal isolates of P. perurans between Atlantic salmon and ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta Ascanius was examined, using isolates originating from both salmon and wrasse. The challenges resulted in AGD in both species, although less severely in wrasse. The amoeba isolate originating from ballan wrasse was more virulent than that originating from salmon, suggesting P. perurans strain-related virulence differences. The isolate originating from salmon showed limited proliferation in bath-challenged wrasse and salmon, and limited transfer to cohabitants. Our results support previous observations suggesting that salmon may be more susceptible to P. perurans and AGD than ballan wrasse. Treatment of P. perurans infection in wrasse is challenging, as it is a strictly marine fish species. In this study, brackish water (<15‰ seawater) treatment of AGD affected salmon and wrasse was examined. Both salmon and wrasse were treated for short periods (3 h and 24 h), and treatment of wrasse over longer periods (3-5 d) was also examined. Short exposure to brackish water was not enough to remove P. perurans, although the 24 h treatment reduced amoeba levels. It was not possible to culture or detect P. perurans from wrasse exposed to brackish water for 3 d, suggesting that this treatment would be effective in controlling the parasite.

中文翻译：

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大西洋鲑鱼Salmo salar和Ballan濑鱼Labrus bergylta对Paramoeba perurans的克隆菌株表现出不同的敏感性。

摘要：阿米巴鳃病（AGD），造成海洋阿米巴Paramoeba perurans，是养殖大西洋鲑的重要疾病大西洋鲑属挪威。在鲑鱼网中用濑鱼作为清洁鱼引起了关于病原体如百日咳假单胞菌的种间传播的问题。在这项研究中，克隆分离的同居男友传输P. perurans大西洋鲑鱼和贝氏隆头鱼之间Labrus bergylta阿斯卡尼俄斯进行了检查，使用菌株源自两个鲑鱼和濑鱼。挑战导致两个物种都出现了AGD，尽管在濑鱼中不那么严重。起源于ballan濑鱼的变形虫比来自鲑鱼的菌株更具毒性。P. perurans菌株相关的毒力差异。源自鲑鱼的分离株在受浴攻击的濑鱼和鲑鱼中显示出有限的增殖，并且向同居者的转移有限。我们的研究结果支持以前的观察结果，表明鲑鱼可能比百乐濑鱼更易感染百日咳假单胞菌和AGD。濑鱼中的百日咳疟原虫感染的治疗具有挑战性，因为它是严格的海洋鱼类。在这项研究中，研究了苦咸水（<15‰海水）处理受AGD影响的鲑鱼和濑鱼的方法。鲑鱼和濑鱼均进行了短期治疗（3 h和24 h），并且对鲑鱼和濑鱼进行了较长时间（3-5 d）的处理。短时间暴露于微咸水不足以去除百日咳假单胞菌，尽管24小时治疗降低了变形虫的水平。不可能从暴露于微咸水中3天的濑鱼中培养或检测到百日咳疟原虫，这表明该处理将有效控制寄生虫。