ABSTRACT Initial research on electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use suggests differences exist in levels of use, beliefs, and cessation difficulties among users. However, little research has explored how these factors interact to confer worse e-cigarette outcomes. The current study examined the association between positive expectancies of e-cigarette use and e-cigarette processes among 544 (51.1% female; Mage = 35.4 years, SD = 10.12) adult e-cigarette users who had and had not attempted to quit e-cigarettes, a defining characteristic believed to distinguish those with and without greater e-cigarette quit difficulty. Results indicated that greater positive outcome expectancies of e-cigarette use were significantly related to increased perceived risks, benefits, and barriers to quitting. The strength of the associations was stronger for those who reported past quit attempts compared to those who never attempted quitting. Overall, the current study highlights the potentially important role that positive expectancies for e-cigarette use and quit attempt status play in e-cigarette processes. Findings suggest a possible need to contextualize positive expectancies for e-cigarette use within future e-cigarette cessation tactics and tailoring treatments based on quit attempt status.

中文翻译：

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探索成年电子烟用户的积极期望和戒烟状态

摘要 对电子烟（e-香烟）使用的初步研究表明，用户在使用水平、信念和戒烟困难方面存在差异。然而，很少有研究探讨这些因素如何相互作用以导致更糟糕的电子烟结果。目前的研究调查了 544 名（51.1% 女性；法师 = 35.4 岁，SD = 10.12）曾尝试戒烟和未尝试戒烟的成年电子烟用户中电子烟使用的积极预期与电子烟过程之间的关联。香烟，一个被认为可以区分电子烟戒断难度较大和不具有较大戒烟难度的人的定义特征。结果表明，使用电子烟的更大积极结果预期与增加的感知风险、收益和戒烟障碍显着相关。与从未尝试过戒烟的人相比，那些报告过去曾尝试过戒烟的人的关联强度更强。总体而言，目前的研究强调了对电子烟使用的积极预期和戒烟尝试状态在电子烟过程中发挥的潜在重要作用。研究结果表明，可能需要在未来的电子烟戒断策略和基于戒烟尝试状态的定制治疗中将电子烟使用的积极期望纳入背景。