It has been proposed that overall gambling involvement has a stronger association with problem gambling (PG) than any specific game type. However, few studies have used multiple analytic approaches on the same data set to assess these relationships. The aims of the current study were to identify patterns of gambling activity (PGAs) and to assess the relationships between different game types, PGAs, gambling involvement, and PG as measured by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), using two different approaches. In a sample of Swedish gamblers who screened their gambling habits at the Swedish national gambling helpline website (N = 7,463, 79% males), seven different PGAs were identified. Increased gambling involvement was associated with PG severity, and the strength of the association varied by game type. Online casino games and electronic gambling machines had the weakest involvement effect and lotteries the strongest. Almost 50% of the gamblers belonged to the online casino PGA, characterized by online casino gambling. Gamblers in this PGA showed higher PGSI scores compared to three PGAs: online sports/online casino, horse/lottery, and online sports, and they had lower PGSI scores compared to the diverse PGA, characterized by engagement in all game types. No differences in PGSI scores were found between gamblers in three PGAs with high probability of online casino gambling but with varying engagement levels in other game types. In a Swedish context, the results from this study indicate that the focus of prevention and regulation should be on game types with the strongest associations with PG, namely, online casino games. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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赌徒集群和问题赌博的严重性：对瑞典赌徒访问在线问题赌博筛选器的集群分析。

已经提出，与任何特定游戏类型相比，总体赌博参与与问题赌博（PG）的关联性更高。但是，很少有研究对同一数据集使用多种分析方法来评估这些关系。当前研究的目的是使用两种不同方法，通过问题赌博严重性指数（PGSI）来确定赌博活动（PGA）的模式，并评估不同游戏类型，PGA，赌博参与度和PG之间的关系。在瑞典赌徒的样本中，他们在瑞典国家赌博帮助专线网站上筛选了赌博习惯（N = 7,463，男性占79％），确定了七个不同的PGA。赌博参与度的提高与PG的严重程度有关，并且这种联系的强度因游戏类型而异。网上赌场游戏和电子赌博机的参与效果最弱，彩票最强。几乎50％的赌徒属于在线赌场PGA，其特征是在线赌场赌博。与三个PGA（在线体育/在线赌场，马/彩票和在线体育）相比，此PGA中的赌徒显示出更高的PGSI得分，与以所有游戏类型参与为特征的多样化PGA相比，他们的PGSI得分更低。在三个PGA的赌徒之间，没有发现PGSI得分的差异，这些PGA的在线赌场赌博可能性很高，但其他游戏类型的参与度却有所不同。在瑞典语中，这项研究的结果表明，预防和监管的重点应放在与PG有最强关联的游戏类型上，即在线赌场游戏。