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Integrating Chemistry and Mechanics: The Forces Driving Axon Growth.
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100818-125157
Kristian Franze 1
Affiliation  

The brain is our most complex organ. During development, neurons extend axons, which may grow over long distances along well-defined pathways to connect to distant targets. Our current understanding of axon pathfinding is largely based on chemical signaling by attractive and repulsive guidance cues. These cues instruct motile growth cones, the leading tips of growing axons, where to turn and where to stop. However, it is not chemical signals that cause motion—motion is driven by forces. Yet our current understanding of the mechanical regulation of axon growth is very limited. In this review, I discuss the origin of the cellular forces controlling axon growth and pathfinding, and how mechanical signals encountered by growing axons may be integrated with chemical signals. This mechanochemical cross talk is an important but often overlooked aspect of cell motility that has major implications for many physiological and pathological processes involving neuronal growth.

中文翻译:


整合化学和力学:驱动轴突生长的力量。

大脑是我们最复杂的器官。在发育过程中,神经元会延伸轴突,轴突可能沿着明确定义的路径长距离生长以连接到远处的目标。我们目前对轴突寻路的理解主要基于通过有吸引力和排斥性引导线索产生的化学信号。这些线索指示活动的生长锥,生长轴突的前导尖端,在哪里转动和在哪里停止。然而,引起运动的不是化学信号——运动是由力驱动的。然而,我们目前对轴突生长的机械调节的理解非常有限。在这篇综述中,我讨论了控制轴突生长和寻路的细胞力的起源,以及生长轴突遇到的机械信号如何与化学信号结合。

更新日期:2020-10-08
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