BackgroundStudies have suggested the detrimental effects of obesity and systemic inflammation on the cognitive function of patients with bipolar or major depressive disorder. However, the complex associations between affective disorder, obesity, systemic inflammation, and cognitive dysfunction remain unclear.MethodsOverall, 110 patients with affective disorder (59 with bipolar I disorder and 51 with major depressive disorder) who scored ≥61 on the Global Assessment of Functioning and 51 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled. Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 was defined as obesity or overweight. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines—including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP)—were measured, and cognitive function was assessed using various methods, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and go/no-go task.ResultsPatients with bipolar I disorder or major depressive disorder were more likely to be obese or overweight, had higher CRP and TNF-α levels, and had greater executive dysfunction in the WCST than the controls. TNF-α level (P < .05) but not affective disorder diagnosis or obesity/overweight was significantly associated with cognitive function deficits, although obesity/overweight and diagnosis were significantly associated with increased TNF-α level.ConclusionsOur findings may indicate that proinflammatory cytokines, but not obesity or overweight, have crucial effects on cognitive function in patients with bipolar I disorder or major depressive disorder, although proinflammatory cytokines and obesity or overweight were found to be strongly associated. The complex relationships between affective disorder diagnosis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, obesity or overweight, and cognitive function require further investigation.

中文翻译：

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肥胖在双相 I 型障碍或重度抑郁症患者全身性低度炎症和认知功能中的作用

背景研究表明肥胖和全身炎症对双相或重度抑郁症患者的认知功能有不利影响。然而，情感障碍、肥胖、全身炎症和认知功能障碍之间的复杂关联仍不清楚。方法总体而言，110 名情感障碍患者（59 名双相 I 型障碍和 51 名重度抑郁症）在全球功能评估中得分 ≥61并招募了 51 名年龄和性别匹配的对照。体重指数≥25 kg/m2被定义为肥胖或超重。测量促炎细胞因子（包括白细胞介素 6、肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF)-α 和 C 反应蛋白 (CRP)）的水平，并使用各种方法评估认知功能，包括威斯康星卡片分类测试 (WCST) 和去/不去任务。结果双相 I 型障碍或重度抑郁症患者更可能肥胖或超重，CRP 和 TNF-α 水平更高，在 WCST 中的执行功能障碍比对照组更严重。TNF-α水平（磷< .05) 但不是情感障碍诊断或肥胖/超重与认知功能缺陷显着相关，尽管肥胖/超重和诊断与 TNF-α 水平升高显着相关。结论我们的研究结果可能表明促炎细胞因子，而不是肥胖或超重，对双相 I 型障碍或重度抑郁症患者的认知功能具有至关重要的影响，尽管发现促炎细胞因子与肥胖或超重密切相关。情感障碍诊断、促炎细胞因子水平、肥胖或超重以及认知功能之间的复杂关系需要进一步研究。