AIM To evaluate the effect of Biodentine eluate on cytotoxicity and production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and osteodestructive/osteoprotective cytokines in cultures of human periapical lesion cells. METHODOLOGY Conditioned Biodentine Medium (CBM) was prepared according to ISO 10993-12, by incubating Biodentine in RPMI medium (0.2 g mL-1 ) for 3 days at 37 °C. CBM contained both released microparticles and leachable soluble components. Inflammatory cells were isolated from 22 human periapical lesions after apicectomy or tooth extraction, by collagenase/DNase digestion, and cultured in several dilutions of CBM. The composition of periapical lesion cells was determined by morphological criteria, cytotoxicity was quantified by MTT and flow cytometric apoptosis/necrosis assays, whereas the levels of produced cytokines in cell culture supernatants were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA. Student t-test and Friedman test with Dunn's post-test were used for comparison of parametric and nonparametric variables, respectively. RESULTS Undiluted (100%), 75% and 50% CBM were cytotoxic for periapical lesion cells due to induction of both necrosis (100% CBM) and apoptosis (75% and 50% CBM). Noncytotoxic concentrations of CBM (25%) inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines: TNF-α, (P < 0.005); IL-1β (P < 0.01); IL-6 (P < 0.005) and chemokines IL-8: (P < 0.005); MCP-1 (P < 0.005), stimulated the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10; P < 0.005), Th2 cytokines: IL-4, IL-5 and IL-33 (all P < 0.01), and IL-17A (P < 0.01). The concentration of CBM (12.5%) inhibited the production of IL-6 (P < 0.05), IL-8 (P < 0.01) and MCP-1 (P < 0.005) and augmented the production of IL-10 (P < 0.05). No significant effects on Th1-related cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-12) and IL-23 were detected with 25% and 12.5% CBM concentrations. Both CBM concentrations inhibited the production of osteolytic receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), dose dependently (P < 0.005 and P < 0.01, respectively). Higher CBM concentrations decreased RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio (P < 0.05), without significant influence on the levels of osteoprotective OPG. CONCLUSION Biodentine possesses immunomodulatory properties by suppressing pro-inflammatory and augmenting anti-inflammatory cytokines. Together with the reduction of osteodestructive mediators, this novel root-end filling cement could be beneficial for healing and bone reparation after the surgical treatment of periapical lesions.

中文翻译：

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Biodentine 对培养的人根尖周病变细胞的抗炎和免疫调节作用。

目的 评估 Biodentine 洗脱液对人根尖周病变细胞培养物中细胞毒性和促炎和抗炎细胞因子和骨破坏/骨保护细胞因子产生的影响。方法学条件 Biodentine 培养基 (CBM) 根据 ISO 10993-12 制​​备，通过在 RPMI 培养基 (0.2 g mL-1) 中在 37 °C 下孵育 Biodentine 3 天。CBM 包含释放的微粒和可浸出的可溶性成分。在根尖切除术或拔牙后，通过胶原酶/DNase 消化从 22 个人类根尖周病变中分离出炎症细胞，并在 CBM 的几种稀释度中培养。通过形态学标准确定根尖周病变细胞的组成，通过 MTT 和流式细胞凋亡/坏死测定法定量细胞毒性，而通过流式细胞术和ELISA测量细胞培养上清液中产生的细胞因子的水平。学生 t 检验和带有 Dunn 后测的 Friedman 检验分别用于比较参数和非参数变量。结果 未稀释的 (100%)、75% 和 50% CBM 由于诱导坏死 (100% CBM) 和细胞凋亡 (75% 和 50% CBM) 对根尖周病变细胞具有细胞毒性。CBM 的非细胞毒性浓度（25%）抑制促炎细胞因子的产生：TNF-α，（P < 0.005）；IL-1β (P < 0.01); IL-6（P < 0.005）和趋化因子 IL-8：（P < 0.005）；MCP-1 (P < 0.005)，刺激抗炎细胞因子 (IL-10; P < 0.005)、Th2 细胞因子：IL-4、IL-5 和 IL-33 (均 P < 0.01) 和 IL -17A (P < 0.01)。煤层气浓度（12. 5%) 抑制 IL-6 (P < 0.05)、IL-8 (P < 0.01) 和 MCP-1 (P < 0.005) 的产生并增加 IL-10 (P < 0.05) 的产生。在 25% 和 12.5% CBM 浓度下未检测到对 Th1 相关细胞因子（IFN-γ 和 IL-12）和 IL-23 的显着影响。两种 CBM 浓度均以剂量依赖性方式抑制核因子 kappa-β 配体 (RANKL) 的溶骨受体激活剂的产生（分别为 P < 0.005 和 P < 0.01）。较高的 CBM 浓度降低了 RANKL/骨保护素 (OPG) 比率 (P < 0.05)，但对骨保护 OPG 水平没有显着影响。结论 Biodentine 通过抑制促炎和增加抗炎细胞因子具有免疫调节特性。随着骨破坏介质的减少，