The present article considers the phenomena observed in ultracold multimodal dusty plasma generated in the glow discharge cooled with superfluid helium. It was shown that intense sputtering of the clay insert due to focused beams of low energy electrons and ions produces a total flow ∼100 ng s −1 of sputtered materials at the power released in the discharge less than 0.1 W at T ⩽ 2 K. The synthesis rates for nanoclusters (∼10 ng s −1 ) and filaments (∼1 ng s −1 ) were estimated for the first time. Fast growth of quasy one-dimensional structures, the filaments with high aspect ratio, ∼100, in ultracold plasma was explained by self-assembly of polarizable materials in strongly inhomogeneous electric fields. The intense broadband emission stimulated by laser excitation of the filaments synthesized was assigned to carbon quantum dots, domains enriched with carbon. The key parameters of the nanocluster cloud were determined for the first time. The n...

中文翻译：

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T≈2 K时辉光放电中的纳米团簇和准一维结构的合成

本文考虑了在用超流氦冷却的辉光放电中产生的超冷多峰尘埃等离子体中观察到的现象。结果表明，在低能量电子和离子的聚焦束的作用下，粘土嵌件的强烈溅射会在T≥2 K时以小于0.1 W的放电释放功率产生约100 ng s -1的溅射材料总流。首次估算了纳米团簇（〜10 ng s -1）和长丝（〜1 ng s -1）的合成速率。在极不均匀的电场中，可极化材料的自组装解释了超冷等离子体中具有高长宽比约100长丝的准一维结构的快速生长。激光激发的合成长丝激发了强烈的宽带发射，并将其分配给碳量子点，富含碳的区域。首次确定了纳米簇云的关键参数。然后...