Abstract: The topical route of administration has many advantages for the treatment of various skin disorders as well as cosmeceutical purposes. This route bypasses hepatic first-pass effect and systemic availability of many pharmaceuticals is limited to skin organelles such as hair follicles and so could avoid unwanted adverse reactions and increase the localized therapeutic effect. Despite such attributed advantages of the topical route, the most important challenge is skin barrier characteristics that should be overcome to obtain dermal or trans-dermal drug delivery. Different approaches have been recruited to overcome this barrier. In this review, different types of nanoparticles for skin permeation enhancement and targeted delivery to skin organelles are discussed. The potential mechanisms of each nanocarrier in permeation enhancement and dermal delivery are considered and finally, the most important advantages and disadvantages of each group are summarized.

Keywords: nanoparticles, skin permeation, skin organelles, topical drug delivery, advantages, disadvantages


中文翻译：

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纳米粒子作为渗透促进剂和针对皮肤的靶向递送选择的潜力：优点和缺点。

摘要：局部给药途径对于治疗各种皮肤病以及药妆目的具有许多优点。该途径绕开了肝脏的首过效应，许多药物的全身可用性仅限于皮肤细胞器（例如毛囊），因此可以避免有害的不良反应并提高局部治疗效果。尽管局部途径具有这样的优点，但最重要的挑战是获得皮肤或透皮药物递送应克服的皮肤屏障特性。为了克服该障碍，已经采用了不同的方法。在这篇综述中，讨论了用于皮肤渗透增强和靶向递送至皮肤细胞器的不同类型的纳米颗粒。

关键词：纳米颗粒，皮肤渗透，皮肤细胞器，局部给药，优缺点