In this study, the dyeing performance and antibacterial properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extracts were investigated, when applied to hemp fabric. A tannin-rich natural dye was extracted using water at 100°C. As the antibacterial agent was sensitive to temperature, it was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus with methanol at 55°C. The color strength () values were investigated and found to increase in line with the dye concentration, dyeing time, and temperature. Optimal dyeing of the hemp fabric was achieved when applying 6% of extract at 80°C for 60 min. This produced a yellowish-brown appearance. The dyed fabrics were rated as good to excellent for color fastness against washing, water, sea water, and perspiration. The dyed fabrics were next finished with the antibacterial agent extracted from the peel and tested for activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Gram negative), using the AATCC-100 (percentage reduction) test. The fabric was demonstrated to be 99.99% effective against Staphylococcus aureus, and this was conserved across 20 wash cycles.

中文翻译：

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石榴皮去皮提取物对大麻织物的绿色染色和抗菌处理

在这项研究中，研究了石榴（Punica granatum）果皮提取物在应用于大麻织物时的染色性能和抗菌性能。在100°C的水中用水萃取富含鞣酸的天然染料。由于抗菌剂对温度敏感，因此使用Soxhlet装置在55°C的甲醇中提取抗菌剂。色强度（）的值进行了研究，发现其随染料浓度，染色时间和温度的增加而增加。当使用6％时，可实现麻织物的最佳染色在80℃提取60分钟。这产生了黄褐色的外观。染色织物在耐洗，耐水，耐海水和耐汗渍方面的色牢度被评为良好或优异。接下来，用从果皮中提取的抗菌剂对染色的织物进行整理，并使用AATCC-100（降低百分比）测试抗金黄色葡萄球菌（革兰氏阳性）和肺炎克雷伯菌（革兰氏阴性）的活性。事实证明该织物对金黄色葡萄球菌的有效率为99.99％，并且在20个洗涤周期中均得到了保护。