In this paper, a widely applicable method that has promise in endowing various metals with oil-water separation ability by femtosecond laser processing is reported. We take an iron sheet as an example to show how to use a femtosecond laser to prepare underwater superoleophobic microstructure on metal substrates and then achieve oil-water separation. An array of through microholes was previously prepared on the iron sheet by a mechanical drilling process. Then, rough nanostructures were created on the surface of the porous sheet by femtosecond laser ablation, resulting in excellent superoleophobicity in water. When the mixture of water and oil was poured onto the porous underwater superoleophobic metal sheet, only the water in the mixture could pass through the sheet while the oil was intercepted, thus the oil/water mixture was successfully separated with high efficiency. Such a novel preparation process and separation manner can extend to different metal substrates. We believe that a wide range of metals like iron sheet can be potentially endowed with oil-water separation ability by femtosecond laser processing because femtosecond laser can process almost all of the metals.

本文报道了一种广泛应用的方法，该方法有望通过飞秒激光加工赋予各种金属以油水分离能力。我们以铁片为例，说明如何使用飞秒激光在金属基材上制备水下超疏油微结构，然后实现油水分离。预先通过机械钻孔工艺在铁板上制备了一系列微孔。然后，通过飞秒激光烧蚀在多孔片的表面上产生粗糙的纳米结构，从而在水中具有优异的超疏油性。当将水和油的混合物倒在多孔的水下超疏油金属板上时，只有混合物中的水才能通过板，同时油被拦截，因此，成功地高效分离了油/水混合物。这种新颖的制备工艺和分离方式可以扩展到不同的金属基材上。我们相信飞秒激光加工可以使像铁皮这样的多种金属具有油水分离能力，因为飞秒激光可以处理几乎所有金属。