This paper presents a simple hypoplastic model capturing mostly all salient features of clays: rate dependency, time dependency and inherent and induced anisotropy without being restricted to only viscoplastic clays. Therefore, due to the strain rate decomposition into three parts, nonviscous clays, that is, rate‐independent clays, can also be simulated. The incorporation of a loading surface allows to capture the behaviour of normal and overconsolidated clays. The model requires eight material parameters, which are simple to calibrate from standard laboratory tests. In total, 77 simulations of five different clayey‐like soils are compared with experimental data. The simulations contain one oedometer test with loading–unloading–reloading cycles, creep and relaxation stages, both undrained and drained triaxial tests in compression and extension, as well as eight incremental response envelopes capturing also the directional response of Beaucaire Marl clay. Some limitations of the model such as the description of temperature effects on the behaviour of clays are also pointed out.

中文翻译：

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一个简单的低塑性模型，加载表面考虑了粘土的粘性和织物效应

本文提出了一个简单的低塑性模型，主要捕捉粘土的所有显着特征：速率相关性、时间相关性以及固有和诱导各向异性，而不仅限于粘塑性粘土。因此，由于应变速率分解为三部分，也可以模拟非粘性粘土，即与速率无关的粘土。加载表面的结合允许捕获正常和超固结粘土的行为。该模型需要八个材料参数，这些参数很容易通过标准实验室测试进行校准。总共将 77 种不同粘土状土壤的模拟与实验数据进行了比较。模拟包含一项固结仪测试，包括加载-卸载-重新加载循环、蠕变和松弛阶段，压缩和拉伸中的不排水和排水三轴测试，以及八个增量响应包络，还捕获了 Beaucaire Marl 粘土的定向响应。还指出了模型的一些局限性，例如温度对粘土行为影响的描述。