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Incorporating putatively neutral and adaptive genomic data into marine conservation planning
Conservation Biology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 , DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13609
Amanda Xuereb 1 , Cassidy C D'Aloia 2 , Marco Andrello 3 , Louis Bernatchez 4 , Marie-Josée Fortin 1
Affiliation  

The availability of genomic data for an increasing number of species makes it possible to incorporate evolutionary processes into conservation plans. Recent studies have demonstrated how genetic data can inform spatial conservation prioritization (SCP), but focused on metrics of diversity and distinctness derived primarily from neutral genetic datasets. Identifying adaptive genetic markers can provide important information regarding the capacity for populations to adapt to environmental change. Yet, the effect of including metrics based on adaptive genetic data into SCP, and how they compare to more widely-used neutral genetic metrics, has not been explored. We performed SCP for the coastal region of British Columbia (BC), Canada using existing genomic data on a commercially exploited species, the California sea cucumber (Parastichopus californicus). Using a RAD-seq dataset for 717 P. californicus individuals across 24 sampling locations, we identified putatively adaptive (i.e., 'candidate') single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on genotype-environment associations with seafloor temperature. We calculated various metrics for both neutral and candidate SNPs and compared SCP outcomes using independent metrics and combinations of metrics. Priority areas varied depending on whether neutral or candidate SNPs were used, and also depending on the specific metric used. For example, targeting sites with a high frequency of warm temperature-associated alleles to support persistence under future warming prioritized areas in the southern coastal region. In contrast, targeting sites with high expected heterozygosity at candidate loci to support persistence under future environmental uncertainty prioritized areas in the north. When combining metrics, all scenarios generated intermediate solutions, protecting sites that span latitudinal and thermal gradients. Our results demonstrate that distinguishing between neutral and adaptive markers can affect conservation solutions and emphasize the importance of defining objectives when choosing among various genomic metrics for SCP. Article Impact Statement: Genomic metrics derived from neutral and adaptive genomic data result in different spatial conservation prioritization solutions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译:

将假定的中性和适应性基因组数据纳入海洋保护规划

越来越多物种的基因组数据的可用性使得将进化过程纳入保护计划成为可能。最近的研究已经证明了遗传数据如何为空间保护优先级 (SCP) 提供信息,但重点是主要来自中性遗传数据集的多样性和独特性指标。识别适应性遗传标记可以提供有关种群适应环境变化能力的重要信息。然而,尚未探讨将基于适应性遗传数据的指标纳入 SCP 的效果,以及它们与更广泛使用的中性遗传指标相比的效果。我们使用现有的商业开发物种的基因组数据对加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省 (BC) 的沿海地区进行了 SCP,加州海参(Parastichopus californicus)。使用跨 24 个采样位置的 717 名 P. californicus 个体的 RAD-seq 数据集,我们根据基因型-环境与海底温度的关联确定了假定的适应性(即“候选”)单核苷酸多态性 (SNP)。我们计算了中性和候选 SNP 的各种指标,并使用独立指标和指标组合比较了 SCP 结果。优先领域因使用的是中性 SNP 还是候选 SNP 以及所使用的具体指标而异。例如,针对具有高频率的温暖温度相关等位基因的位点,以支持南部沿海地区未来变暖优先地区的持久性。相比之下,以候选位点具有高预期杂合度的位点为目标,以支持北部未来环境不确定性优先区域下的持久性。结合指标时,所有场景都会生成中间解决方案,保护跨越纬度和热梯度的站点。我们的结果表明,区分中性标记和适应性标记会影响保护解决方案,并强调在为 SCP 选择各种基因组指标时确定目标的重要性。文章影响声明:源自中性和适应性基因组数据的基因组指标导致不同的空间保护优先级解决方案。本文受版权保护。版权所有。所有场景都生成了中间解决方案,保护了跨越纬度和温度梯度的站点。我们的结果表明,区分中性标记和适应性标记会影响保护解决方案,并强调在为 SCP 选择各种基因组指标时确定目标的重要性。文章影响声明:源自中性和适应性基因组数据的基因组指标导致不同的空间保护优先级解决方案。本文受版权保护。版权所有。所有场景都生成了中间解决方案,保护了跨越纬度和温度梯度的站点。我们的结果表明,区分中性标记和适应性标记会影响保护解决方案,并强调在为 SCP 选择各种基因组指标时确定目标的重要性。文章影响声明:源自中性和适应性基因组数据的基因组指标导致不同的空间保护优先级解决方案。本文受版权保护。版权所有。我们的结果表明,区分中性标记和适应性标记会影响保护解决方案,并强调在为 SCP 选择各种基因组指标时确定目标的重要性。文章影响声明:源自中性和适应性基因组数据的基因组指标导致不同的空间保护优先级解决方案。本文受版权保护。版权所有。我们的结果表明,区分中性标记和适应性标记会影响保护解决方案,并强调在为 SCP 选择各种基因组指标时确定目标的重要性。文章影响声明:源自中性和适应性基因组数据的基因组指标导致不同的空间保护优先级解决方案。本文受版权保护。版权所有。
更新日期:2020-10-08
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