Flavonoids, including anthocyanins, are polyphenolic compounds present in fruits, vegetables and dietary supplements. They can be absorbed from the intestine to the bloodstream or pass into the large intestine. Various bacterial species and enzymes are present along the entire intestine. The aim of the present work was to investigate the intestinal metabolism of selected dietary polyphenol and polyphenol glycosides (quercetin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, and delphinidin-3-O-galactoside) by human fecal bacteria. Moreover, the metabolism of metabolites formed from these compounds in human colon carcinoma cells (Caco-2) was also point of the interest. Test compounds were added to fresh human stool in broth or to Caco-2 cells in medium and then incubated for 6 or 20 h at 37°C. After incubation, samples were prepared for LC/MS determination. Main metabolic pathways were deglycosylation, hydrogenation, methylation, hydroxylation, and decomposition. 2,4,5-trihydroxybenzaldehyde, as a metabolite of cyanidin glycosides, was detected after incubation for the first time. Metabolites formed by fecal bacteria were further glucuronidated or methylated by intestinal enzymes. This metabolite profiling of natural compounds has helped to better understand the complex metabolism in the human intestine and this work also has shown the connection of metabolism of natural substances by intestinal bacteria followed by metabolism in intestinal cells.

类黄酮，包括花青素，是存在于水果，蔬菜和膳食补充剂中的多酚化合物。它们可以从肠吸收到血流，也可以进入大肠。整个肠道中存在各种细菌和酶。本工作的目的是研究选定的膳食多酚和多酚糖苷（槲皮素，花青素-3- O-葡萄糖苷，花青素-3- O-半乳糖苷和delphinidin-3- O）的肠道代谢。-半乳糖苷）。此外，由这些化合物形成的代谢产物在人结肠癌细胞（Caco-2）中的代谢也很受关注。将测试化合物添加到肉汤中的新鲜人粪中或培养基中的Caco-2细胞中，然后在37°C下孵育6或20 h。孵育后，准备用于LC / MS测定的样品。主要的代谢途径是去糖基化，氢化，甲基化，羟基化和分解。首次孵育后，检测到2,4,5-三羟基苯甲醛作为花青素苷的代谢产物。粪便细菌形成的代谢产物被肠道酶进一步葡萄糖醛酸化或甲基化。