Abstract In this research, the effects of adding graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the flexural properties of fiber metal laminates (FMLs) under marine environmental conditions were investigated. The FMLs were fabricated with alternating layers of Al6061 and glass fiber reinforced epoxy (GFRE) with different concentrations of GNPs (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt%). The samples were immersed in the 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for different immersion times (7, 14, and 28 days) at room temperature. The addition of GNPs led to decreasing the water absorption of samples after immersion in the 3.5 wt% NaCl solution; the lowest absorbed water was for the samples with 0.25 wt% GNPs. Although the flexural properties of samples decreased by increasing the immersion time, the lowest reduction in flexural properties was obtained for the sample with 0.25 wt% GNPs. Results showed that by adding GNPs and immersing the specimens in the 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 28 days, the flexural strength and modulus, and strain values of specimens containing 0.25 wt% GNPs were respectively about 128%, 63%, and 1.85 times higher than those of samples without GNPs. Also, the reduction of the flexural properties caused by immersion in NaCl solution was lower than that of samples without GNPs. Moreover, the water uptake of samples with 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% GNPs was about 38%, 31%, and 37% lower than that of samples without GNPs after 28 days of immersion. Microstructural analyses revealed that the improvements in the metal/polymer adhesion and mechanical properties of the polymeric part of FMLs resulting from various mechanisms were the main reasons for the improved performance of samples with GNPs under marine conditions.

中文翻译：

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海洋环境条件下石墨烯纳米片对纤维金属层压板弯曲性能的影响

摘要 在这项研究中，研究了在海洋环境条件下添加石墨烯纳米片 (GNPs) 对纤维金属层压板 (FMLs) 弯曲性能的影响。FML 由 Al6061 和玻璃纤维增​​强环氧树脂 (GFRE) 的交替层制成，具有不同浓度的 GNP（0.25、0.5 和 1.0 wt%）。在室温下将样品浸入 3.5 wt% NaCl 溶液中不同的浸入时间（7、14 和 28 天）。GNPs的加入导致样品浸入3.5 wt% NaCl溶液后吸水率降低；最低的吸收水是针对具有 0.25 wt% GNP 的样品。尽管样品的弯曲性能随着浸泡时间的增加而降低，但对于具有 0.25 wt% GNP 的样品，弯曲性能的降低最低。结果表明，通过加入 GNPs 并将试样在 3.5 wt% NaCl 溶液中浸泡 28 天，含有 0.25 wt% GNPs 的试样的弯曲强度和模量以及应变值分别高出约 128%、63% 和 1.85 倍比那些没有 GNP 的样本。此外，浸泡在 NaCl 溶液中引起的弯曲性能的降低低于没有 GNP 的样品。此外，在浸泡 28 天后，含有 0.25、0.5 和 1.0 wt% GNP 的样品的吸水率比不含 GNP 的样品低约 38%、31% 和 37%。显微结构分析表明，FML 聚合物部分的金属/聚合物粘附和机械性能的改善是由于各种机制导致的，这是在海洋条件下具有 GNP 的样品性能提高的主要原因。