Abstract Solonetz soils are typically characterized with excessive saline-alkali content, and physiochemical methods are often employed for solonetz reclamation. However, increasing lines of evidences have suggested that microbiomes play a pivotal role in sustaining soil fertility than previously appreciated, and it remains poorly understood about the taxonomic identity of microbiomes in solonetz soils and the underlying mechanisms that govern the community assembly of solonetz restoration. In this study, we show that significant increase of rare phylotypes occurred after solonetz restoration by natural grassland and reclaimed farmland, and prokaryotic community assembly was dominated by deterministic rather than stochastic processes. The exchangeable sodium decreased significantly from 27.04% in solonetz, to 4.35% in grassland and 0.52% in farmland. Soil organic carbon (SOC) increased significantly with 4.17- and 2.18- fold in grassland and farmland soils relative to solonetz, respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR indicated drastic increases in the abundance of functional genes responsible for nitrogen fixation and nitrification. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes further revealed that 180 and 215 phylotypes could be considered as key taxa showing significant increase after solonetz restoration by grassland and farmland. Intriguingly, more than 96% of these key phylotypes were originally rare phylotypes with

中文翻译：

---

天然草地和开垦农田恢复苏打水40年后的原核群落组装

摘要 索洛尼茨土壤的典型特征是盐碱含量过高，索洛尼茨复垦常采用物理化学方法。然而，越来越多的证据表明，微生物群落在维持土壤肥力方面发挥着比以前认为的关键作用，而且人们对索洛内茨土壤中微生物群落的分类特征以及控制索洛内茨恢复群落组装的潜在机制仍知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们表明，在天然草地和开垦农田恢复 solonetz 后，稀有系统发育显着增加，原核群落组装以确定性而非随机过程为主。可交换钠从 solonez 的 27.04% 显着下降到草地的 4.35% 和 0. 52% 在农田。草地和农田土壤中的土壤有机碳 (SOC) 显着增加，分别比 solonez 增加了 4.17 倍和 2.18 倍。实时定量 PCR 表明负责固氮和硝化作用的功能基因的丰度急剧增加。16S rRNA基因的高通量测序进一步揭示了180和215种系统发育型可以被认为是草地和农田solonetz恢复后显示显着增加的关键类群。有趣的是，这些关键系统发育型中有 96% 以上最初是罕见的系统发育型 实时定量 PCR 表明负责固氮和硝化作用的功能基因的丰度急剧增加。16S rRNA基因的高通量测序进一步揭示了180和215种系统发育型可以被认为是草地和农田solonetz恢复后显示显着增加的关键类群。有趣的是，这些关键系统发育型中有 96% 以上最初是罕见的系统发育型 实时定量 PCR 表明负责固氮和硝化作用的功能基因的丰度急剧增加。16S rRNA基因的高通量测序进一步揭示了180和215种系统发育型可以被认为是草地和农田solonetz恢复后显示显着增加的关键类群。有趣的是，这些关键系统发育型中有 96% 以上最初是罕见的系统发育型