Yellow rust (YR) wheat disease is one of the major threats to worldwide wheat production, and it often spreads rapidly to new and unexpected geographic locations. To cope with this threat, integrated pathogen management strategies combine disease-resistant plants, sensors monitoring technologies, and fungicides either preventively or curatively, which come with their associated monetary and environmental costs. This work presents a methodology for timely detection of YR that cuts down on hardware and computational requirements. It enables frequent detailed monitoring of the spread of YR, hence providing the opportunity to better target mitigation efforts which is critical for successful integrated disease management. The method is trained to detect YR symptoms using reflectance spectrum (VIS–NIR) and a classification algorithm at different stages of YR development to distinguish them from typical defense responses occurring in resistant wheat. The classification method was trained and tested on four different spectral datasets. The results showed that using a full spectral range, a selection of the top 5% significant spectral features, or five typical multispectral bands for early detection of YR in infected plants yielded a true positive rate of ~ 86%, for infected plants. The same data analysis with digital camera bands provided a true positive rate of 77%. These findings lay the groundwork for the development of high-throughput YR screening in the field implementing multispectral digital camera sensors that can be mounted on autonomous vehicles or a drone as part of an integrated disease management scheme.

中文翻译：

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光谱光反射数据降维，及时检测黄锈病

黄锈病 (YR) 小麦病害是全球小麦生产的主要威胁之一，它通常会迅速传播到新的和意想不到的地理位置。为了应对这种威胁，综合病原体管理策略结合了抗病植物、传感器监测技术和预防性或治疗性杀菌剂，这些都伴随着相关的货币和环境成本。这项工作提出了一种及时检测 YR 的方法，可减少硬件和计算要求。它可以对 YR 的传播进行频繁的详细监测，从而为更好地针对缓解工作提供机会，这对于成功的综合疾病管理至关重要。该方法经过训练，可使用反射光谱 (VIS-NIR) 和分类算法在 YR 发育的不同阶段检测 YR 症状，以将它们与抗性小麦中发生的典型防御反应区分开来。该分类方法在四个不同的光谱数据集上进行了训练和测试。结果表明，使用全光谱范围、选择前 5% 的显着光谱特征或五个典型的多光谱波段来早期检测受感染植物中的 YR，对受感染植物产生了约 86% 的真阳性率。使用数码相机带进行的相同数据分析提供了 77% 的真阳性率。