A network of randomly deployed sensor nodes which shares limited resources like bandwidth, buffer, queue, and battery powered nodes is known as wireless sensor network. Such network must have energy, to avoid the chances of congestion because congested network degrades the performance of network. Congestion may occur due to several reasons like data packet collision, transmission channel contention and buffer overflow. A congestion control protocol must acquire the functionalities that can increase the lifetime and efficiency of network which are major responsibilities of wireless sensor network. In this paper traffic oriented, resource oriented and a hybrid approach with some additional functionalities of controlling congestion are discussed in a wide manner. The hybrid approach is best as per this survey as it integrates various factors of wireless sensor networks to control and mitigate the situation. A comprehensive analysis is also done on these factors to justify the nature of different approaches.

共享有限资源（例如带宽，缓冲区，队列和电池供电的节点）的随机部署传感器节点的网络称为无线传感器网络。这样的网络必须具有能量，以避免拥塞的机会，因为拥塞的网络会降低网络的性能。可能由于多种原因而发生拥塞，例如数据包冲突，传输通道争用和缓冲区溢出。拥塞控制协议必须获得可以增加网络寿命和效率的功能，这是无线传感器网络的主要职责。在本文中，广泛讨论了面向流量，面向资源和具有控制拥塞的其他功能的混合方法。根据这项调查，混合方法是最好的，因为它集成了无线传感器网络的各种因素来控制和缓解这种情况。还对这些因素进行了全面分析，以证明不同方法的性质合理。