This research was conducted to develop the three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of human skin for bio-heat transfer analysis. The skin burn was analyzed using Penne’s bio-heat equation, which has been adopted in many commercial finite element software. Burn injuries mostly occur due to heat transfer from hot object, hot liquids, cooking flames, and sometimes due to exposure to chemicals, electricity, and ionizing radiation. Depending upon the condition and duration of exposing, thermal burn may cause severe skin damage. The burn effect on human skin under the contact with a hot object or hot fluid was analyzed in this paper. The burn intensity in terms of degrees of burn was measured with different burning conditions and their corresponding time was graphically shown. Using the temperature profile obtained from the analysis, various methods of burn treatment were evaluated and compared. The results from this analysis will help to understand human skin burn under different burning conditions and treatment of different burn injuries.

中文翻译：

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基于有限元的人体皮肤烧伤及烧伤后生物传热分析

本研究旨在开发用于生物传热分析的人体皮肤三维 (3D) 有限元模型。使用 Penne 的生物热方程分析皮肤烧伤，该方程已被许多商业有限元软件采用。烧伤主要是由于热物体、热液体、烹饪火焰的热传递，有时是由于接触化学品、电和电离辐射。根据暴露的条件和持续时间，热灼伤可能会导致严重的皮肤损伤。本文分析了人体皮肤在接触热物体或热流体时的烧伤效果。在不同的燃烧条件下测量燃烧程度的燃烧强度，并以图形方式显示它们的相应时间。使用从分析中获得的温度曲线，评估和比较了各种烧伤治疗方法。该分析结果将有助于了解不同烧伤条件下的人体皮肤烧伤和不同烧伤的治疗方法。