Anthropogenic activity, climate change, pollution, and exploitation of natural resources are some reasons that cause threatening of plant diversity. Silene schimperiana is an endangered plant species in Egypt and is endemic to the high mountain of Saint Katherine Protected Area in southern Sinai. The purpose of the study was the ex situ conservation of Silene schimperiana through in vitro propagation and DNA barcode analysis. To develop an efficient ex situ conservation program of the plant, in vitro propagation protocol has been achieved from shoot tip and stem nodal segment explants of in vitro germinated seedlings. Explants were established in vitro on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.89 μM gibberellic acid (GA3), 1.08 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 1.16 μM kinetin (Kin). The highest number of axillary shoots (9.27) was obtained when they were transferred to MS medium supplemented with 4.48 μM 6-benzyl adenine (BA). Hundred percent of multiple axillary shoots were rooted on quarter-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.92 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 10.75 μM NAA. Rooted plants were transferred to pots containing a soil-peat mixture (1: 2 v/v) and successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. Plant identification is a crucial aspect to understand and conserve plant diversity from extinction. DNA barcode analysis of Silene schimperiana was carried out using two chloroplast DNA markers (cpDNA): 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) and RNA polymerase subunit (rpoC1) and a nuclear ribosome DNA marker (ncDNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Phylogenetic analysis revealed a successful identification of Silene schimperiana on the species and genus levels and supported the inclusion of Silene schimperiana in genus Silene. In this study, a relevant in vitro propagation method was established to facilitate the recovery of Silene schimperiana, in addition to DNA barcoding of the plant as a tool for effective management and conservation of plant genetic resources.

中文翻译：

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在圣凯瑟琳保护区濒临灭绝的小叶小金鱼的体外繁殖和DNA条码分析。

人为活动，气候变化，污染和对自然资源的利用是造成植物多样性受到威胁的一些原因。Silene schimperiana是埃及的一种濒临灭绝的植物，在西奈半岛南部的圣凯瑟琳保护区的高山地区特有。该研究的目的是通过体外繁殖和DNA条码分析来对Simpene schimperiana进行异位保存。为了开发植物的有效的非原生境保存程序，已经从体外发芽的幼苗的茎尖和茎节节外植体获得了体外繁殖方案。在补充有2.89μM赤霉素（GA3），1.08μMα-萘乙酸（NAA）和1.16μM激动素（Kin）的Murashige和Skoog（MS）培养基上体外建立外植体。腋芽数量最多（9。将它们转移到补充有4.48μM6-苄基腺嘌呤（BA）的MS培养基中时获得27）。百分百的腋生芽生根于四分之一强度MS培养基，其中添加了4.92μM吲哚-3-丁酸（IBA）和10.75μMNAA。将生根的植物转移到装有土壤-豌豆混合物（1：2 v / v）的盆中，并成功地适应温室。植物识别是了解和保护植物免于灭绝的关键方面。使用两个叶绿体DNA标记（cpDNA）进行了Schimperiana的DNA条码分析：1,5-双磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基（rbcL）和RNA聚合酶亚基（rpoC1）和核糖体DNA标记（ncDNA），内部转录间隔（ITS）。系统发育分析表明，成功鉴定出了剑兰（Silene schimperiana）的种类和属水平，并支持将剑兰（Silene schimperiana）包括在内。在这项研究中，建立了一种相关的体外繁殖方法，以促进对剑兰的恢复，此外还对植物进行DNA条形码编码，作为有效管理和保护植物遗传资源的工具。