Oscillatory neural activity is dynamically controlled to coordinate perceptual, attentional and cognitive processes. On the macroscopic scale, this control is reflected in the U-shaped deviations of EEG spectral-power dynamics from stochastic dynamics, characterized by disproportionately elevated occurrences of the lowest and highest ranges of power. To understand the mechanisms that generate these low- and high-power states, we fit a simple mathematical model of synchronization of oscillatory activity to human EEG data. The results consistently indicated that the majority (~95%) of synchronization dynamics is controlled by slowly adjusting the probability of synchronization while maintaining maximum entropy within the timescale of a few seconds. This strategy appears to be universal as the results generalized across oscillation frequencies, EEG current sources, and participants (N = 52) whether they rested with their eyes closed, rested with their eyes open in a darkened room, or viewed a silent nature video. Given that precisely coordinated behavior requires tightly controlled oscillatory dynamics, the current results suggest that the large-scale spatial synchronization of oscillatory activity is controlled by the relatively slow, entropy-maximizing adjustments of synchronization probability (demonstrated here) in combination with temporally precise phase adjustments (e.g., phase resetting generated by sensorimotor interactions). Interestingly, we observed a modest but consistent spatial pattern of deviations from the maximum-entropy rule, potentially suggesting that the mid-central-posterior region serves as an "entropy dump" to facilitate the temporally precise control of spectral-power dynamics in the surrounding regions.

中文翻译：

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大规模神经同步的概率最大熵控制

动态控制振荡神经活动以协调感知，注意和认知过程。在宏观尺度上，这种控制反映在脑电图频谱功率动力学相对于随机动力学的U形偏离中，其特征是最低和最高功率范围出现的比例成比例地增加。为了了解产生这些低功率和高功率状态的机制，我们拟合了一个简单的数学模型，将振荡活动与人类EEG数据同步。结果一致表明，大多数同步动态（约95％）是通过缓慢调整同步的概率来控制的，同时在几秒钟的时间范围内保持最大熵。该结果似乎是通用的，因为结果在整个振荡频率上都得到了概括，脑电图的当前来源和参与者（N = 52）是闭着眼睛休息，还是在黑暗的房间里睁开眼睛休息，还是观看了无声的自然视频。鉴于精确协调的行为需要严格控制的振荡动力学，当前结果表明，振荡活动的大规模空间同步由相对慢的，熵最大的同步概率调整（此处所示）和时间精确的相位调整共同控制。 （例如，由感觉运动相互作用产生的相位重置）。有趣的是，我们观察到偏离最大熵规则的适度但一致的空间格局，这可能暗示中后中央区域充当“熵转储”