Successful oculomotor target selection often requires discriminating visual features but it remains contentious whether oculomotor substrates encoding saccade vectors functionally contribute to this process. One possibility is that visual features are discriminated cortically and oculomotor modules select the object with the highest activation in the set of all preprocessed cortical object representations, while an alternative possibility is that oculomotor modules actively discriminate potential targets based on visual features. If the latter view is correct, these modules should not require input from specialized visual cortices encoding the task relevant features. We therefore examined whether the latency of visual onset responses elicited by abrupt distractor onsets is consistent with input from specialized visual cortices by non-invasively measuring human saccade metrics (saccade curvature, endpoint deviations, saccade frequency, error proportion) as a function of distractor processing time for novel, visually complex distractors that had to be discriminated from a target to guide saccades. Visual onset response latencies were ~110 ms, consistent with projections from anterior cortical sites specialized for object processing. Surprisingly, oculomotor visual onset responses encoded features, as we manipulated the visual similarity between targets and distractors and observed an increased visual onset response magnitude and duration when the distractor was highly similar to the target, which was not attributable to an inhibitory processing delay. Visual onset responses were dynamically modulated by executive function, as these responses were anticipatorily extinguished over the time course of the experiment. As expected, the latency of distractor-related inhibition was modulated by the behavioral relevance of the distractor.

中文翻译：

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动眼目标的选择是由复杂的对象介导的。

成功的眼动目标选择通常需要区分视觉特征，但是编码扫视向量的眼动底物是否在功能上有助于这一过程仍然存在争议。一种可能性是皮质地区分视觉特征，并且动眼模块在所有预处理的皮质对象表示的集合中选择激活程度最高的对象，而另一种可能性是动眼模块根据视觉特征主动区分潜在目标。如果后一种视图正确，则这些模块不应要求来自编码任务相关特征的专用视觉皮质的输入。因此，我们通过无创地测量人类扫视指标（扫视曲率，终点偏差，扫视频率，误差比例）作为干扰物处理的函数，我们检查了突然的牵张器发作引起的视觉发作反应的潜伏期是否与专业视觉皮层的输入一致。是时候将新颖，视觉上复杂的干扰物与目标区别开来引导扫视。视觉发作反应潜伏期约为110毫秒，这与专门用于对象处理的前皮质部位的投影相符。出人意料的是，动眼视觉发作反应编码了特征，因为我们操纵了目标物和牵张物之间的视觉相似性，并且观察到当干扰物与目标物高度相似时，视觉发作反应幅度和持续时间增加了，这与抑制性加工延迟无关。视觉发作反应是由执行功能动态调节的，因为这些反应在实验过程中会被预期地扑灭。如预期的那样，干扰因素相关抑制的潜伏期受干扰因素的行为相关性调节。