Abstract

Objectives

Multi-actor data show that parents’ and adult children’s evaluations of their relation do not necessarily match. We studied disagreement in parent- and child-reported closeness, comparing parent–child dyads involving separated parents, non-separated parents, and stepparents to shed new light on today’s diverse landscape of adult parent–child relations.

Method

Using data from the Parents and Children in the Netherlands (OKiN) survey, we analyzed closeness in parent–child dyads (N = 4,602) comparing (step)parents’ and their adult children’s (aged 25–45) reports. To distinguish directional disagreement (i.e., differences in child- and parent-reported means) from nondirectional disagreement (i.e., the association between child- and parent-reported measures), while accounting for absolute levels of closeness, we estimated log-linear models.

Results

All types of parents tend to report higher levels of closeness than their children. Whereas parental overreport is more prevalent among biological father–child dyads than among biological mother–child dyads, we found no differences between biological dyads and stepdyads. The association between children’s and parents’ reports is higher among dyads involving stepmothers or married mothers than among those involving separated mothers and (step)fathers.

Discussion

The intergenerational stake (i.e., parental overreport) is not unique to biological parent–child relations. Instead, patterns of disagreement seem most strongly stratified by gender.

中文翻译：

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成人亲子二元组亲密性的感知：家庭复杂性背景下的不对称性。

摘要

目标

多参与者数据显示，父母和成年子女对其关系的评价不一定​​匹配。我们研究了父母与孩子之间在亲密关系上的分歧，比较了父母分居，未父母分居和继父母的亲子二分法，从而为当今成人成年子女关系的多样化格局提供了新的思路。

方法

使用来自荷兰父母与子女（OKiN）调查的数据，我们比较了父母和成年子女（25-45岁）的报告，比较了亲子二倍体（N = 4,602）的亲密性。为了区分方向性意见分歧（即，儿童和父母报告的方式之间的差异）与非方向性意见分歧（即，儿童和父母报告的方式之间的关联），同时考虑了绝对的紧密度，我们估计了对数线性模型。

结果

所有类型的父母都倾向于报告比他们的孩子更高的亲密程度。父母亲过度报道在生物学父子双子中比在生物学母子双子中更为普遍，但我们发现生物学双子和继子双子之间没有差异。在涉及继母或已婚母亲的双胞胎中，儿童和父母的报告之间的关联性要比涉及分居母亲和（继父）父亲的双胞胎之间的关联性更高。

讨论区

代际间的利益（即父母的过度举报）并非亲生父母之间的关系所独有。取而代之的是，分歧的模式似乎最明显地是按性别划分的。