Abstract A good quality and amount of sleep are fundamental to preserve cognition and affect. New evidence also indicates that poor sleep is detrimental to brain myelination. In this study, we test the hypothesis that sleep quality and/or quantity relate to variability in cognitive and emotional function via the mediating effect of interindividual differences in proxy neuroimaging measures of white matter integrity and intracortical myelination. By employing a demographically and neuropsychologically well-characterized sample of healthy people drawn from the Human Connectome Project (n = 974), we found that quality and amount of sleep were only marginally linked to cognitive performance. In contrast, poor quality and short sleep increased negative affect (i.e. anger, fear, and perceived stress) and reduced life satisfaction and positive emotionality. At the brain level, poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration related to lower intracortical myelin in the mid-posterior cingulate cortex (p = 0.038), middle temporal cortex (p = 0.024), and anterior orbitofrontal cortex (OFC, p = 0.034) but did not significantly affect different measures of white matter integrity. Finally, lower intracortical myelin in the OFC mediated the association between poor sleep quality and negative emotionality (p < 0.05). We conclude that intracortical myelination is an important mediator of the negative consequences of poor sleep on affective behavior.

中文翻译：

---

睡眠质量与通过皮质内髓鞘形成的情绪反应有关

摘要 良好的睡眠质量和充足的睡眠是保持认知和情感的基础。新证据还表明，睡眠不足对脑髓鞘形成有害。在这项研究中，我们通过白质完整性和皮质内髓鞘形成的代理神经影像学测量的个体差异的中介作用来检验睡眠质量和/或数量与认知和情绪功能的变异性相关的假设。通过使用从人类连接组项目（n = 974）中抽取的从人口统计学和神经心理学上得到充分表征的健康人样本，我们发现睡眠质量和睡眠量与认知表现仅略有关联。相比之下，睡眠质量差和睡眠时间短会增加负面情绪（即愤怒、恐惧、和感知压力），降低生活满意度和积极情绪。在大脑水平，较差的睡眠质量和较短的睡眠时间与中后扣带皮层 (p = 0.038)、中颞叶皮层 (p = 0.024) 和前眶额叶皮层 (OFC，p = 0.034) 中较低的皮质内髓鞘有关但对白质完整性的不同测量没有显着影响。最后，OFC 中较低的皮质内髓鞘介导了睡眠质量差与负面情绪之间的关联（p < 0.05）。我们得出结论，皮质内髓鞘形成是睡眠不良对情感行为的负面影响的重要中介。中颞叶皮层 (p = 0.024) 和前眶额叶皮层 (OFC, p = 0.034) 但对白质完整性的不同测量没有显着影响。最后，OFC 中较低的皮质内髓鞘介导了睡眠质量差与负面情绪之间的关联（p < 0.05）。我们得出结论，皮质内髓鞘形成是睡眠不良对情感行为的负面影响的重要中介。中颞叶皮层 (p = 0.024) 和前眶额叶皮层 (OFC, p = 0.034) 但对白质完整性的不同测量没有显着影响。最后，OFC 中较低的皮质内髓鞘介导了睡眠质量差与负面情绪之间的关联（p < 0.05）。我们得出结论，皮质内髓鞘形成是睡眠不良对情感行为的负面影响的重要中介。