Mammalian cells are the preferred choice system for the production of complex molecules, such as recombinant therapeutic proteins. Although the technology for increasing the yield of proteins has improved rapidly, the process of selecting, identifying as well as maintaining high-yield cell clones is still troublesome, time-consuming and usually uncertain. Optimization of expression vectors is one of the most effective methods for enhancing protein expression levels. Several commonly used chromatin-modifying elements, including the matrix attachment region, ubiquitous chromatin opening elements, insulators, stabilizing anti-repressor elements can be used to increase the expression level and stability of recombinant proteins. In this review, these chromatin-modifying elements used for the expression vector optimization in mammalian cells are summarized, and future strategies for the utilization of expression cassettes are also discussed.

哺乳动物细胞是用于产生复杂分子例如重组治疗性蛋白质的优选选择系统。尽管增加蛋白质产量的技术已经迅速改善，但是选择，鉴定以及维持高产量细胞克隆的过程仍然麻烦，耗时且通常不确定。表达载体的优化是提高蛋白质表达水平的最有效方法之一。可以使用几种常用的染色质修饰元件，包括基质附着区，普遍存在的染色质开放元件，绝缘子，稳定的抗阻遏物元件，以提高重组蛋白的表达水平和稳定性。在这篇评论中