Native breeds of farm animals, despite their unique characteristics and adaptability to diverse and often adverse environmental conditions, are at risk due to their lower profitability and corresponding declining use. According to FAO data, there are currently around 8800 livestock breeds in the world (http://www.fao.org/dad-is/en/ update: 09.11.2019), of which 17% have been assessed to be endangered. The objective of the study was to develop a model for estimating the risk status of Polish native breeds. The proposed new model is based on 3 factors: demographic, genetic, and socioeconomic. The last factor is composed of 6 elements: geographical concentration, demographic trend over the last 5 years, cultural value of a breed, parentage control, ex situ conservation and anthropogenic factors. Using the factors and elements above, among the examined 30 breeds of cattle, horses, pigs, sheep and goats, 1 was assessed as being critically endangered; 24 were determined to be endangered and in need of conservation; 5 were less endangered, but in need of constant monitoring. Out of 35 populations of poultry 29 were assessed as endangered as they were being kept in only single public collections. Six flocks of ducks were given a critical risk status, due to a very low number of females.

中文翻译：

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保护计划下波兰当地品种的风险状况–新方法

农场动物的本地品种，尽管具有独特的特征和对多种多样且往往不利的环境条件的适应性，但由于其较低的获利能力和相应的使用减少而处于危险之中。根据粮农组织的数据，目前世界上约有8800种牲畜品种（http://www.fao.org/dad-is/en/update：09.11.2019），其中17％被评估为濒危物种。这项研究的目的是建立一个估计波兰本地品种风险状况的模型。提出的新模型基于三个因素：人口统计，遗传和社会经济因素。最后一个因素由6个元素组成：地理集中度，最近5年的人口趋势，一个品种的文化价值，育儿控制，迁地保护和人为因素。利用上述因素和要素，在检查的30种牛，马，猪，绵羊和山羊品种中，有1种被评估为极度濒危；24名被确定为濒临灭绝并需要保护；5名濒危者较少，但需要经常监测。在35个家禽种群中，有29个被评估为濒临灭绝，因为它们仅被保存在单个公共收藏中。由于雌性鸡只数量极少，六只野鸭被赋予了严重的危险状况。